ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010.pdf

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Overview

Architecture

Terminal Model: Systems Decoder Model

Timing Model

Buffer Model

Multiplexing of Streams: The Delivery Layer

Synchronization of Streams: The Sync Layer

The Compression Layer

Object Description Framework

Intellectual Property Management and Protection

Object Content Information

Scene Description Streams

Audio-visual Streams

Upchannel Streams

Interaction Streams

Text and Font data Streams

Application Engine

Extensible MPEG-4 Textual Format (XMT)

Patent Rights

Scope

Normative references

Additional references

Terms and definitions

Abbreviated terms

Conventions

Streaming Framework

Systems Decoder Model

Introduction

Concepts of the systems decoder model

DMIF Application Interface (DAI)

SL-Packetized Stream (SPS)

Access Units (AU)

Decoding Buffer (DB)

Elementary Streams (ES)

Elementary Stream Interface (ESI)

Decoder

Composition Units (CU)

Composition Memory (CM)

Compositor

Timing Model Specification

System Time Base (STB)

Object Time Base (OTB)

Object Clock Reference (OCR)

Decoding Time Stamp (DTS)

Composition Time Stamp (CTS)

Occurrence and Precision of Timing Information in Elementary

Time Stamps for Dependent Elementary Streams

Buffer Model Specification

Elementary Decoder Model

Assumptions

Constant end-to-end delay

Demultiplexer

Decoding Buffer

Decoder

Composition Memory

Compositor

Managing Buffers: A Walkthrough

Object Description Framework

Introduction

Common data structures

Overview

BaseDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

BaseCommand

Syntax

Semantics

Intellectual Property Management and Protection Framework (I

Overview

IPMP Streams

Structure of the IPMP Stream

Access Unit Definition

Time Base for IPMP Streams

IPMP Decoder Configuration

Syntax

Semantics

IPMP message syntax and semantics

Syntax

Semantics

Extension tags for the IPMP_Data_BaseClass

IPMP_Data_BaseClass

Syntax

Semantics

Object Content Information (OCI)

Overview

OCI Streams

Structure of the OCI Stream

Access Unit Definition

Time Base for OCI Streams

OCI Decoder Configuration

Syntax

Semantics

OCI_Events syntax and semantics

Syntax

Semantics

Object Descriptor Stream

Structure of the Object Descriptor Stream

Access Unit Definition

Time Base for Object Descriptor Streams

OD Decoder Configuration

OD Command Syntax and Semantics

Overview

ObjectDescriptorUpdate

Syntax

Semantics

ObjectDescriptorRemove

Syntax

Semantics

ES_DescriptorUpdate

Syntax

Semantics

ES_DescriptorRemove

Syntax

Semantics

IPMP_DescriptorUpdate

Syntax

Semantics

IPMP_DescriptorRemove

Syntax

Semantics

ObjectDescriptorExecute

Syntax

Semantics

Object Descriptor Components

Overview

ObjectDescriptorBase

Syntax

Semantics

ObjectDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

InitialObjectDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

ES_Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

DecoderConfigDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

DecoderSpecificInfo

Syntax

Semantics

SLConfigDescriptor

IP_IdentificationDataSet

Syntax

Semantics

ContentIdentificationDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

SupplementaryContentIdentificationDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

IPI_DescrPointer

Syntax

Semantics

IPMP_DescriptorPointer

Syntax

Semantics

IPMP Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

IPMP Tool List Specification

IPMP_ToolListDescriptor

IPMP_Tool

7.2.6.14.3.2.1 Syntax

7.2.6.14.3.2.2 Semantics

IPMP_ParametricDescription

7.2.6.14.3.3.1 Syntax

7.2.6.14.3.3.2 Semantics

ByteArray

7.2.6.14.3.4.1 Syntax

7.2.6.14.3.4.2 Semantics

Implementation of a Registration Authority (RA)

QoS_Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

QoS_Qualifier

Syntax

Semantics

7.2.6.15.3.2.1 Rebuffering

ExtensionDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

RegistrationDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Implementation of a Registration Authority (RA)

Object Content Information Descriptors

Overview

OCI_Descriptor Class

Syntax

Semantics

Content classification descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Key Word Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Rating Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Language Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Short Textual Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Expanded Textual Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Content Creator Name Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Content Creation Date Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

OCI Creator Name Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

OCI Creation Date Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

SMPTE Camera Position Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Packet structure defined by SMPTE 315M

Segment Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

MediaTimeDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Extension Profile Level Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Profile Level Indication Index Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Rules for Usage of the Object Description Framework

Aggregation of Elementary Stream Descriptors in a Single Obj

Overview

Aggregation of Elementary Streams with the same streamType

Aggregation of Elementary Streams with Different streamTypes

Aggregation of scene description streams and object descript

Elementary Stream Dependencies

Independent elementary streams

Dependent elementary streams

Linking Scene Description and Object Descriptors

Associating Object Descriptors to BIFS Nodes

Multiple scene description and object description streams

Scene and Object Description in Case of Inline Nodes

Name Scope of Identifiers

Reuse of identifiers

ISO/IEC€14496 Content Access

Introduction

The Initial Object Descriptor

Usage of URLs in the Object Descriptor Framework

Selection of Elementary Streams for an Audio-Visual Object

Content access in “push” and “pull” scenarios

Content access through a known Object Descriptor

Pre-conditions

Content Access Procedure

Content access through a URL in an Object Desciptor

Pre-conditions

Content access procedure

Content access through a URL in an elementary stream descrip

Pre-conditions

Content access procedure

Mapping of Content Access Procedure to DAI calls

Usage of the IPMP System interface

Overview

Association of an IPMP System with ISO/IEC€14496 content

Association in the initial object descriptor

Association in other object descriptors

IPMP of Object Descriptor streams

IPMP of Scene Description streams

Usage of URLs in managed and protected content

URLs in the BIFS Scene Description

URLs in Object Descriptors

URLs in ES_Descriptors

IPMP Decoding Process

Synchronization of Elementary Streams

Introduction

Sync Layer

Overview

SL Packet Specification

Syntax

Semantics

SL Packet Header Configuration

Syntax

Semantics

SLExtentionDescriptor Syntax

SLExtentionDescriptor Semantics

DependencyPointer Semantics

MarkerDescriptor Semantics

SL Packet Header Specification

Syntax

Semantics

Clock Reference Stream

Restrictions for elementary streams sharing the same object

Usage of configuration options for object clock reference an

Resolution of ambiguity in object time base recovery

Resolution of ambiguity in time stamp recovery

Usage considerations for object clock references and time st

DMIF Application Interface

Multiplexing of Elementary Streams

Introduction

M4Mux Tool

Overview

Simple Mode

MuxCode mode

M4Mux packet specification

Syntax

Semantics

Configuration and usage of MuxCode Mode

Syntax

Semantics

Usage

Configuration and usage of M4Mux clock references

Syntax

Semantics

Usage

M4Mux buffer descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Default M4Mux buffer descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

M4Mux buffer model

M4MuxID Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

M4Mux Descriptors

M4MuxChannelDescriptor

Syntax

Semantics

M4MuxBufferSize Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

M4MuxTiming Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

M4MuxCodeTable Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

M4MuxIdent Descriptor

Syntax

Semantics

Syntactic Description Language

Introduction

Elementary Data Types

Introduction

Constant-Length Direct Representation Bit Fields

Variable Length Direct Representation Bit Fields

Constant-Length Indirect Representation Bit Fields

Variable Length Indirect Representation Bit Fields

Composite Data Types

Classes

Abstract Classes

Expandable classes

Parameter types

Arrays

Partial Arrays

Implicit Arrays

Arithmetic and Logical Expressions

Non-Parsable Variables

Syntactic Flow Control

Built-In Operators

Scoping Rules

Profiles

Introduction

OD Profile Definitions

Overview

OD Profiles Tools

OD Profiles

OD Profiles@Levels

Levels for the Core Profile

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14496-1 Fourth edition 2010-06-01 Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 1: Systems Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 1: Systèmes Reference number ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) © ISO/IEC 2010 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyright@iso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) Contents Page Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv Introduction...........................................................................................................................................vi 0 Scope......................................................................................................................................................1 1 2 Normative references............................................................................................................................1 Additional references............................................................................................................................2 3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................2 4 5 Abbreviated terms ...............................................................................................................................10 Conventions.........................................................................................................................................11 6 Streaming Framework.........................................................................................................................11 7 8 Syntactic Description Language........................................................................................................99 9 Profiles................................................................................................................................................110 Annex A (informative) Time Base Reconstruction ......................................................................................112 Annex B (informative) Registration procedure ............................................................................................115 Annex C (informative) The QoS Management Model for ISO/IEC 14496 Content.....................................119 Annex D (informative) Conversion Between Time and Date Conventions ...............................................120 Annex E (informative) Graphical Representation of Object Descriptor and Sync Layer Syntax...........122 Annex F (informative) Elementary Stream Interface....................................................................................130 Annex G (informative) Upstream Walkthrough............................................................................................132 Annex H (informative) Scene and Object Description Carrousel...............................................................137 Annex I (normative) Usage of ITU-T Recommendation H.264 | ISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC ..........................138 Annex J (informative) Patent statements .....................................................................................................141 Bibliography....................................................................................................................................................144 © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved iii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. ISO/IEC 14496-1 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO/IEC 14496-1:2004), which has been technically revised. ISO/IEC 14496-1:2004/Amd.1:2005, ISO/IEC 14496-1:2004/Amd.2:2007, Technical Corrigenda ISO/IEC 14496-1:2004/Amd.3:2007 ISO/IEC 14496-1:2004/Cor.1:2006 and ISO/IEC 14496-1:2004/Cor.2:2007. Amendments also and It incorporates the ISO/IEC 14496 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects: Part 1: Systems Part 2: Visual Part 3: Audio Part 4: Conformance testing Part 5: Reference software Part 6: Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework (DMIF) Part 7: Optimized reference software for coding of audio-visual objects Part 8: Carriage of ISO/IEC 14496 contents over IP networks Part 9: Reference hardware description Part 10: Advanced Video Coding Part 11: Scene description and application engine Part 12: ISO base media file format Part 13: Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP) extensions iv © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) Part 14: MP4 file format Part 15: Advanced Video Coding (AVC) file format Part 16: Animation Framework eXtension (AFX) Part 17: Streaming text format Part 18: Font compression and streaming Part 19: Synthesized texture stream Part 20: Lightweight Application Scene Representation (LASeR) and Simple Aggregation Format (SAF) Part 21: MPEG-J Graphics Framework eXtensions (GFX) Part 22: Open Font Format Part 23: Symbolic Music Representation Part 24: Audio and systems interaction Part 25: 3D Graphics Compression Model Part 26: Audio conformance Part 27: 3D Graphics conformance © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved v Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) 0 Introduction 0.1 Overview ISO/IEC 14496 specifies a system for the communication of interactive audio-visual scenes. This specification includes the following elements. a) The coded representation of natural or synthetic, two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) objects that can be manifested audibly and/or visually (audio-visual objects) (specified in Parts 2, 3, 10, 11, 16, 19, 20, 23 and 25 of ISO/IEC 14496). b) The coded representation of the spatio-temporal positioning of audio-visual objects as well as their behavior in response to interaction (scene description, specified in Parts 11 and 20 of ISO/IEC 14496). c) The coded representation of information related to the management of data streams (synchronization, identification, description and association of stream content, specified in this Part and in Part 24 of ISO/IEC 14496). d) A generic interface to the data stream delivery layer functionality (specified in Part 6 of ISO/IEC 14496). e) An application engine for programmatic control of the player: format, delivery of downloadable Java byte code as well as its execution lifecycle and behavior through APIs (specified in Parts 11 and 21 of ISO/IEC 14496). f) A file format to contain the media information of an ISO/IEC 14496 presentation in a flexible, extensible format to facilitate interchange, management, editing, and presentation of the media specified in Part 12 (ISO File Format), Part 14 (MP4 File Format) and Part 15 (AVC File Format) of ISO/IEC 14496. g) The coded representation of font data and of information related to the management of text streams and font data streams (specified in Parts 17, 18 and 22 of ISO/IEC 14496). The overall operation of a system communicating audio-visual scenes can be paraphrased as follows: the sending terminal, the audio-visual scene At is compressed, supplemented with synchronization information and passed to a delivery layer that multiplexes it into one or more coded binary streams that are transmitted or stored. At the receiving terminal, these streams are demultiplexed and decompressed. The audio-visual objects are composed according the scene description and synchronization information and presented to the end user. The end user may have the option to interact with this presentation. Interaction information can be processed locally or transmitted back to the sending terminal. ISO/IEC 14496 defines the syntax and semantics of the bitstreams that convey such scene information, as well as the details of their decoding processes. information to This part of ISO/IEC 14496 specifies the following tools. A terminal model for time and buffer management. A coded representation of metadata for the identification, description and logical dependencies of the elementary streams (object descriptors and other descriptors). A coded representation of descriptive audio-visual content information [object content information (OCI)]. An interface to intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) systems. A coded representation of synchronization information (sync layer – SL). A multiplexed representation of individual elementary streams in a single stream (M4Mux). vi © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) These various elements are described functionally in this clause and specified in the normative clauses that follow. 0.2 Architecture The information representation specified in ISO/IEC 14496 describes the means to create an interactive audio-visual scene in terms of coded audio-visual information and associated scene description information. The entity that composes and sends, or receives and presents such a coded representation of an interactive audio-visual scene is generically referred to as an “audio-visual terminal” or just “terminal”. This terminal may correspond to a stand-alone application or be part of an application system. Display and User Interaction Interactive Audiovisual Scene Composition and Rendering Object Descriptor Scene Description Information AV Object data SL SL SL SL SL SL ... ... Upstream Information Compression Layer Elementary Streams Elementary Stream Interface SL Sync Layer SL-Packetized Streams DMIF Application Interface M4Mux M4Mux M4Mux (PES) MPEG-2 TS (RTP) UDP IP AAL2 ATM H223 PSTN DAB Mux ... Delivery Layer Multiplexed Streams Transmission/Storage Medium Figure 1 — The ISO/IEC 14496 Terminal Architecture © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved vii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO/IEC 14496-1:2010(E) The basic operations performed by such a receiver terminal are as follows. Information that allows access to content complying with ISO/IEC 14496 is provided as initial session set up information to the terminal. Part 6 of ISO/IEC 14496 defines the procedures for establishing such session contexts as well as the interface to the delivery layer that generically abstracts the storage or transport medium. The initial set up information allows, in a recursive manner, to locate one or more elementary streams that are part of the coded content representation. Some of these elementary streams may be grouped together using the multiplexing tool described in ISO/IEC 14496-1. Elementary streams contain the coded representation of either audio or visual data or scene description information or user interaction data or text or font data. Elementary streams may as well themselves convey information to identify streams, to describe logical dependencies between streams, or to describe information related to the content of the streams. Each elementary stream contains only one type of data. Elementary streams are decoded using their respective stream-specific decoders. The audio-visual objects are composed according to the scene description information and presented by the terminal's presentation device(s). All these processes are synchronized according to the systems decoder model (SDM) using the synchronization information provided at the synchronization layer. These basic operations are depicted in Figure 1, and are described in more detail below. 0.3 Terminal Model: Systems Decoder Model The systems decoder model provides an abstract view of the behavior of a terminal complying with ISO/IEC 14496-1. Its purpose is to enable a sending terminal to predict how the receiving terminal will behave in terms of buffer management and synchronization when reconstructing the audio-visual information that comprises the presentation. The systems decoder model includes a systems timing model and a systems buffer model which are described briefly in the following Subclauses. 0.3.1 Timing Model The timing model defines the mechanisms through which a receiving terminal establishes a notion of time that enables it to process time-dependent events. This model also allows the receiving terminal to establish mechanisms to maintain synchronization both across and within particular audio-visual objects as well as with user interaction events. In order to facilitate these functions at the receiving terminal, the timing model requires that the transmitted data streams contain implicit or explicit timing information. Two sets of timing information are defined in ISO/IEC 14496-1: clock references and time stamps. The former convey the sending terminal's time base to the receiving terminal, while the latter convey a notion of relative time for specific events such as the desired decoding or composition time for portions of the encoded audio-visual information. 0.3.2 Buffer Model The buffer model enables the sending terminal to monitor and control the buffer resources that are needed to decode each elementary stream in a presentation. The required buffer resources are conveyed to the receiving terminal by means of descriptors at the beginning of the presentation. The terminal can then decide whether or not it is capable of handling this particular presentation. The buffer model allows the sending terminal to specify when information may be removed from these buffers and enables it to schedule data transmission so that the appropriate buffers at the receiving terminal do not overflow or underflow. 0.4 Multiplexing of Streams: The Delivery Layer The term delivery layer is used as a generic abstraction of any existing transport protocol stack that may be used to transmit and/or store content complying with ISO/IEC 14496. The functionality of this layer is not within the scope of ISO/IEC 14496-1, and only the interface to this layer is considered. This interface is the DMIF Application Interface (DAI) specified in ISO/IEC 14496-6. The DAI defines not only an interface for the delivery of streaming data, but also for signaling information required for session and channel set up as well as tear down. A wide variety of delivery mechanisms exist below this interface, with some of them indicated in Figure 1. These mechanisms serve for transmission as well as storage of streaming data, i.e., a file is viii © ISO/IEC 2010 – All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 06/09/2010 06:14:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,`,,,,`,`,`,`,`,,`,``,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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