2005 年北京科技大学考博英语真题
Ⅰ. Vocabulary
Part A.
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and
D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a
single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. The scene is so beautiful that it
my power of description.
A. transports B. transfers C. transcends D. transforms
2. The schoolmaster
the girl’s bravery in his opening speech.
A. applauded B. enhanced C. elevated
D. clapped
3. The
meaning of “yellow” is a color, but it can also mean “cowardly.”
A. positive
B. negative
C. underlying
D. literal
4. Many people think that the standards of public
have declined.
A. morality
B. rightness
C. awareness
D. mentality
5. People were surprised to find that he had the ability to
everything he was involved in.
A. precede
B. dominate
C. pervade
D. denominate
6. The fact that they reacted so differently was a reflection of their different
.
A. performances
B. personalities
C. qualities
D. debut
7. This medicine will
the pain in the stomach.
A. ascertain
B. agitate
C. alleviate
D. allocate
8. The apartment was
as $50,000 and its owner decided to sell it.
A. automated
B. assessed
C asserted
D. avenged
9. The minister
all his officials pay the tax.
A. bids
B. blesses
C. barks
D. baffles
10. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his
can be distributed.
A. paradoxes
B. legacies
C. platitudes
D. analogies
Part B.
Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase underlined. Below the
sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the
underlined part. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the
ANSWER SHEET.
11. Tourists flock from the remotest places to see the capital’s sights.
A. invade
B. troop
C. prompt
D. gather
12. He has told so many lies that we can no longer place any reliance on what he says.
A. belief
B. trust
C. conviction
D. dependence.
13. Oil can change a society more drastically than anyone could ever have imagined.
A. grossly
B. severely
C. rapidly
D. radically
14. In times of economic difficulty, governmental budgets for education are often slashed before
any others.
A. shifted
B. cut
C. checked
D. donated
15. Modern printing equipment quickly turns out duplicate copies of textual and pictorial matter.
A. identical
B. double
C. illustrated
D. legible
16. With her youngest child having left home, she felt a pressing need to fill her time.
A. tense
B. thorough
C. urgent
D. small
17. The role of the performing artist is to interpret, not alter, the notes on a printed sheet of music.
A. omit
B. reproduce
C. compose
D. change.
18. Aircraft and rocket can be used to collect radioactive debris, while high-altitude satellites
carry detectors for gamma rays and other emissions.
A. diffusion
B. remains
C. glitter
transfer
19. Although worn out by years of service to his country, Washington accepted the presidency of
the United States.
A. favored
B. honored
C. exhausted
D. weakened
20. Between French friends, who have chosen each other for congeniality of their point of view,
lively disagreement and sharpness of arguments are the breath of life.
A. coexistence
B. coincidence
C. correlation
D. compatibility
Ⅱ. Cloze
Directions: Read the following passage. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark
the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.
We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many
evidence shows, for example, that people who lived
different ways throughout history. (21)
over three thousand years ago ate (22)
fish.
Stealing salt was considered a major crime at certain times in history. In the eighteenth century,
for instance, if a person was (23)
“stealing salt”, he could be put in prison. History reveals
that about ten thousand people were put in prison during that century (24)
stealing salt.
In the modern world salt has many uses (25)
airplane parts, in the (26)
melt ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to (27)
the dining table. It is used in making glass and
of crops and in killing weeds. It is also used to make water soft, to
colors in cloth.
from the ocean or
from salt water
Salt can be obtained in various ways, besides being taken from mines underground. Evaporation
of salt water
the
common processes for manufacturing salt. In Australia, it can even be taken from a
(28)
“salt bush”. Yet, (29)
in the
lives of men and women everywhere.
it is obtained, salt will continue to play an important (30)
lakes or small seas is one of
21. A. Ancient
B. Historic
C. Historical
D. Old
22. A. salt
B. salted
C. salting
D. salty
23. A. arrested
B. caught
C. got
D. seized
24. A. as
B. by
C. for
D. through
25. A. besides
B. beyond
C. except
D. over
26. A. bearing
B. developing
C. growing
D. training
27. A. fasten
B. fix
C. preserve
D. tie
28. A. little
B. many
C. much
D. more
29. A. however
B. whatever
C. whenever
D. wherever
30. A. duty
B. function
C. responsibility
D. role
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Part A.
Directions: There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and
D. You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
(1) Poultry farmers need to adopt strict hygiene standards to curb Asia\'s deadly bird flu virus, a
top Vietnamese official said on the eve of an international conference Wednesday on fighting the
disease.
(2) A dozen Vietnamese have died of bird flu since Dec. 30, raising concerns that the disease
could be re-emerging after an outbreak last year spread to 10 Asian countries, forcing the
slaughter of more than 100 million birds.
(3) “It\'s difficult to change their habit but we need to educate them," Bui Quang Anh, head of the
Department for Animal Health, said Tuesday. "Once they understand and follow all
the
instructions, we can prevent the virus from spreading.”
(4) Big commercial farms learned from the first outbreak and applied preventive measures, such
as strict hygiene standards and regular disinfection, Anh said. The most recent outbreak was only
reported in small farms, which failed to apply preventive measures, he said.
(5) New regulations should include separating ducks from chickens, requiring ducks to be raised
in cages and improving hygiene measures, Anh said. Ducks should not roam freely in rice fields
as they do now in the southern Mekong Delta, he added.
(6) The conference will be looking at a variety of issues, including mass vaccinations, flu
research, farm hygiene, animal husbandry practices and improving coordination between animal
health and human health agencies.
(7) The virus, which in the last year has killed 46 people — including 32 from Vietnam and 12
from Thailand — has yet to mutate into a form that can be transmitted between humans. But
scientists say it may mutate to a human form that could become as deadly as the ones that killed
millions during three influenza pandemics of the 20th century.
31. The subject of the international conference mentioned in the first paragraph is about
A. battling the SARS
B. epidemic disease control
C. fighting the avian flu
D. public health
32. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?
A. Bird flu was first found in Vietnam.
B. Big commercial farms have taken preventive measures to curb bird flu.
C. Bui Quang Anh believes that it is impossible to prevent the bird flu.
D. 1, 000 birds were killed during the last year outbreak of bird flu.
33. According to the passage, which of the following measures are NOT effective in fighting
against the bird flu?
A. to adopt strict hygiene standards in poultry farms.
B. to carry out regular disinfection
C. to raise ducks and chickens separately
D. to stop poultry trade
34. We can infer from the last paragraph that
A. currently the bird flu virus cannot be transmitted between humans
B. the bird flu virus is easy to mutate.
C. the bird flu has killed millions of people
D. the bird flu is more deadly than common influenza.
35. The best title for the passage is
.
A. Bird Flu: A Deadly Disease
B. What Can We Learn from the Bird Flu
C. Vietnam: the Biggest Victim of the Bird Flu
D. Official Urges Farmers to Curb Bird Flu
Passage Two
(1) The sources of anti-Christian feeling were many and complex. On the more intangible side,
there was a general pique against the unwanted intrusion of the Western countries; there was an
understandable tendency to seek an external scapegoat for internal disorders only tangentially
attributable to the West and perhaps most
there was a virile tradition of
ethnocentricism, vented long before against Indian Buddhism, which since the seventeenth
century, focused on Western Christianity. Accordingly, even before the missionary movement
really got under way in the mid-nineteenth century, it was already at a disadvantage. After 1860,
as missionary activity in the hinterland expanded, it quickly became apparent that in addition to
the intangibles, numerous tangible grounds for Chinese hostility abounded.
important,
(2) In part, the very presence of the missionary evoked attack, they were, after all, the first
foreigners to leave the treaty ports and venture into the interior, and for a long time they were
virtually the only
foreigners whose quotidian labors carried them to the farthest reaches the
Chinese empire. For many of the indigenous population, therefore, the missionary stood as a
uniquely visible symbol against which opposition to foreign intrusion could e vented. In part too,
the missionary was attacked because the manner in which he made his presence felt after 1860
seemed almost calculated to offend. By indignantly waging battle against the notion that China
was the sole fountainhead of civilization and, more particularly, by his assault on many facets of
Chinese culture, the missionary directly undermined the cultural hegemony of the gentry class.
Also, in countless ways, he posed a threat to the gentry’s traditional monopoly of social
leadership. Missionaries, particularly Catholics, frequently, assumed the garb of the Confucian
literati. They were the only persons at the local level, aside from the gentry who were permitted
to communicate with the authorities as social equals, and they enjoyed an extraterritorial status in
the interior that gave them greater immunity to Chinese law than had ever been possessed by the
gentry.
(3) Although it was the avowed policy of the Chinese government after 1860 that the new treaties
were to be strictly adhered to, in practice implementation depended on the wholehearted accord
provincial authorities. There is abundant evidence that cooperation was dilatory. At the root of
this lay the interactive nature of ruler and ruled.
(4) In a severely understaffed bureaucracy that ruled as much by suasion as by might, the official,
almost always a stranger in the locality of his service, depended on the active cooperation of the
local gentry class. Energetic attempts to implement treaty provisions concerning missionary
activities,
in direct defiance of gentry sentiment, ran the risk of alienating this class and
destroying future effectiveness.
36. In a vague way, anti-Christian feeling stemmed from
.
A. the mere presence of invaders B. a generalized unfocused feeling
C. the introduction to the West
D. none of the above
37. The author would agree that
.
A. many problems in China came from internal disorders due to Western influence.
B. many problems in China came from China itself and were unrelated to the West
C. scapegoats perform a necessary function and there should be more of them
D. all of the above are true.
38. With which of the following statements would the author agree?
A. Ethnocentricism is a manly tradition.
B. The disdain toward Christianity was prefigured by a disdain toward Buddhism.
C. Although Christianity was not well received in China, Buddhism was.
D. The author would agree with A and C.
39. Missionaries
.
A. often dressed the same way as Chinese scholars did
B. were free of the legal constraints that bound the local indigenous population
C. had greater access to authority than Chinese peasants
D. may be described by all of the above
40. Provincial authorities
.
A. cooperated fully with the central government’s policy
B. were alive to local feelings
C. were obliged to determine whether local sentiment tolerated implementation
D. may be described by B and C.