2016年福建华侨大学英语综合考研真题.doc

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2016 年福建华侨大学英语综合考研真题 Part I Error Correction (10 points) Directions: In the following passage there are 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. Read the passage and correct the mistakes. If you change a word, cross it out and write the substitute in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put the insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the word you want to add in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example: Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. ；1 . ___time__ Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature as a； 2. __/_____ school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. ；3. __the__ A. There are several places in the world that are famous for people who live a very long time. These places are usually in mountain ；1. ______________ areas, far away from modern cities. Even though, doctors, scientists, ；2. ______________ and public health experts often travel to these regions to solve the mystery of long, healthy life. In this way, the experts hope to ；3. ______________ bring to the modern world the secrets of longevity. B. In the course of the last four months it has been made probable— though the work of Joliot in France as well as Fermi and Szilard； 4. _____________ in America -- that it may become possible to set a nuclear chain； 5. _____________ reaction in a large mass of uranium, by which vast amounts of power and large quantities of new radium-like elements would be generated. Now it appear almost certain that this could be ；6. _____________ achieved in the immediate future. This new phenomena would also lead to the construction of ；7. _____________ bombs, and it is concievable -- though much less certain –that ；8. _____________ extremely powerful bombs of a new type may thus be constructed. A singular bomb of this type, carried by boat and exploded in a ；9. _____________ port, might very well destroy the whole port together with some of the surrounding territory. However, such bombs might very well prove to be too heavy for transportation by the air. ；10. ____________ Part II Grammar (30 points) (I) There are ten sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the

sentence. (10 points) 1. Our vicar is always raising money _____, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. A. for one cause or other B. for one cause or another C. for one reason or cause D. for one motivation or causation 2. The temple which the archaeologists ____ was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. A. explored B. deplored C. expended D. excoriated 3. If a satellite ____ into orbit round Mars, scientists will be able to find out a great deal. A. one day can be put B. cannot one day be put C. can one day be put D. can one day put 4. Oddly shaped forms that are suspended from the ceiling and move ____ are quite familiar to everybody. A. in reply to a wind gust B. in response to gust of wind C. in response to a gust of wind D. in a response to a gust of wind 5. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed ____. He was adored ____. A. tremendous popularity … by rich and poor alike B. tremendous popular … by the rich and poor alike C. tremendously popular … by both rich and poor D. tremendous popularity … by rich and poor 6. ____ in a train for more than a few hours. A. Anyone can hardly positively enjoy sitting B. Hardly anyone can enjoy positively sitting C. Hardly anyone can positively enjoy to sit D. Hardly anyone can positively enjoy sitting 7. So great is our passion ____ that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour. A. about things done for ourselves B. for done things for ourselves C. for doing things for ourselves D. in doing our own things 8. These attracted many visitors for they were not only of great architectural interest, but contained ____ as well. A. a large amount of beautifully preserved frescoes B. a large number of beautifully preserved frescoes C. a large quantity of beautiful preserved frescos D. a lot of beautifully preserved frescos 9. ____, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district. A. We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbours B. However we were worried for our nearest neighbours C. We, however, were worried about our nearest neighbours

D. We, however, worried about our most near neighbors 10. Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs of a civilized society. ____; everything would be in a state of chaos. A. Otherwise, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion B. Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion C. With unpunctuality, nothing ever could reach a conclusion D. Unpunctually, simply nothing could ever be concluded （II） There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has four parts underlined. The four underlined parts are marked A, B, C, and D. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong. (10 points)

(III) Rewrite the sentences as required without altering their meanings. （10 points） 1. It is no use crying over the spilt milk, you have got to start all over again. Use ‘because’. 2. As we bumped over the dusty track, we swerved to avoid large boulders. Use –ing adverbial in the beginning. 3. The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press. Use the ‘the power of the press’ in the beginning. 4. The local authorities discussed the possibility of erecting a ‘quint museum’ to satisfy the curiosity of the public and to protect the family from inquisitive tourists. Use direct speech. 5. After her departure, aunt Harriet discovered that there were piles of empty wine bottles of all shapes and sizes neatly stacked in what had once been Bessie's wardrobe. Use a simple sentence to replace it without changing its meaning. 6. At the same time, the study found that an inability to pardon can raise a person’ s risk of heart disease and mental illness. Paraphrase it, making it understandable to middle school students.

7. In their 2002 quantitative study, ‘The influence of crowd noise and experience upon refereeing decisions in football’, for the Psychology of Sport and Exercise, an official journal of the European Federation of Sports Psychology, Alan M. Nevill, Nigel J. Balmer and A. Mark Williams established that the noise of the crowd influenced referees to favour the home team. Use no more than ten words to say the same idea. 8. I cannot open the door. Begin by ‘the door’, making your sentence genuine/natural English. Or in other words, you can use the middle voice. 9. Tony Leung has played many inscrutable parts in his time, but the deep menace he generates simply by being well-dressed and polite is precisely why this film is such a gripping watch. Begin with the second clause, without the word ‘but’. 10. The key difference in the second phase is a reduction of between 5 per cent and 10 per cent in the emissions permits granted. Begin by ‘we see … as …’. Part III Reading Comprehension （50 points） Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions or incomplete statements. For each question or statement, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose only ONE that best answers the question or finishes the incomplete statement. Passage 1 van Gogh’s painting today little resembles the way it looked more than a hundred years ago when it was first completed. The “chrome yellow” (铬黄) pigment that figures (突出) heavily in his famous Sunflowers was, at the time, a vibrant, brilliant color – in keeping with van Gogh’s more typically lurid (绚丽的) color schemes. But over time it faded to the lusterless (无光泽的) brown-yellow that it is today, transforming the overall feeling of the work. As for the thickness of the paint, that can be explained at least in part as symptomatic (表明的) not of impulsiveness but of the artist’s foresightful (有远见的) awareness that some of the pigments he was using might not stand the test of time because they had only recently been developed by the fledgling (新兴的) chemical industry. One might as well “lay them on … crudely”, he wrote in a letter to his brother, because “time will tone them down only too much”. (tone down: 降低) As the science writer Philip Ball makes clear in his new book BrightEarth:Artand theInventionofColor; without a knowledge of the history, composition, and cultural

conventions of painterly color, much can elude even the most observant and otherwise well-informed art critic. Inseparable from the story of art, he argues, is the story of the development of artistic color. Ball traces this development from the surprisingly sophisticated scientific capabilities of the ancient Egyptians – who created such pigments as Egyptian blue (from limestone, copper, and sand) and pale yellow (from lead oxide and chemically transformed minerals) – to the secret alchemical (炼金术的) color recipes of the Middle Ages, the advent of oil painting in the Renaissance, the rise of the chemical industry, the birth of photography, and the dawn of the digital age. The range of available artistic color, he emphasizes, plays a far greater role in the choices an artist makes than is often recognized. In some cases, the sheer difficulty of creating a particular dye or pigment has given a color an aura (氛围) of mystique or sacredness. The Virgin Mary, for example, was often depicted wearing a deep blue robe in medieval paintings, not because she was believed to have actually worn such a garment, but because the extremely complex and time-consuming process of deriving ultramarine blue (深蓝色) from the rare stone lapis lazuli rendered the color off limits from all but the most precious of subjects. Indeed, the use of ultramarine or gold, Ball explains, “does not simply imply a wish to show piety by lavishing (慷慨地施与) expense but reveals the hope that the supernatural potency (效力) of the work will thereby be enhanced.” As a scientist with a background in chemistry and physics, Ball has an in-depth comprehension of the dynamics of the substances he describes and of the scientific processes that affect how we perceive them. His explanations are thorough enough that one comes away from the book not only with a broad sense of how science and art intersect (相交、融合), but also with specific knowledge about light wavelengths, color chemistry, film and printing technology, and the mathematical rules governing digital color. 1. All of the following are true of van Gogh’s Sunflowers EXCEPT _________. A. it was painted with a brilliant color B. its paint has lost much of the gloss C. its paint has thinned dramatically D. it was painted with newly-developed paint 2. Philip Ball would like art critics to _________. A. be observant B. be well-informed C. be familiar with artistic color D. have knowledge in chemistry and physics 3. The author mentions the Virgin Mary in order to illustrate that _________. A. the process of deriving color is complex B. different artists have different tastes for color C. ultramarine blue is often used to show piety D. a color can be invested with a particular quality 4. Philip Ball’s book is filled with _________.

A. easy-to-understand language B. scientific knowledge C. humor D. philosophical theories 5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Styles of van Gogh’s paintings B. Art and Invention of Color C. Painting and Film Industry D. Painting and Chemistry Passage 2 “History is written by the victors.” The famous phrase reverberates throughout the halls of history, constantly reminding us to take all that we learn with a grain of salt, knowing that the information provided for our dissemination was provided, shaped and influenced by those left to hold the pen that recorded it. In that respect, one of the worst crimes against history is the revision of it, the altering of the record of the past so as to reflect the viewpoint of a biased group who stand to benefit from the altered version. By revising the lens by which history is judged, valuable information is lost, to the . detriment of both students of the field as well as the awareness that comes from experience. Without an accurately recorded account to serve as a guiding light, nations and societies are left to stumble their way about their affairs, ignorant of what has and hasn’t worked before, and unaware of what past events shaped and determined their present situation. Such dismal situations emerge from simple pride, as well as the desire of the revisionists to depict themselves in a better light to posterity or to cover up an embarrassing legacy, no matter the cost to the future. Recent attempts by nations involved in the second World War to minimize or erase altogether certain shameful incidents from their history textbooks has been met with international outrage and protest, and rightly so. By allowing future generations to forget or never ever learn about how their ancestors stumbled on the path to progress, the experiences of those who suffered as a result of those mistakes are trivialized and made to be in vain. Also, a false sense of national identity emerges, inconsistent and inaccurate in its formation. Both are heinous results for both nationals of that particular nation as well as those of the international community, whose stories intertwined to form the larger picture. When a single string in the tapestry of world history is unraveled by revision, the entire piece becomes a weaker one, subject to additional modification at the shim of those who would like to use history as a tool for their own purposes, even if it means fundamentally changing it. This outcome must be avoided at all costs, firstly by not allowing a precedent to be established that makes it acceptable, even in a single case, to commit the revision. Otherwise, humans as a race will fall prey to yet another often quoted phrase: “History, if forgotten, is doomed to be repeated.”

6. What does the first sentence of the text imply? A. All historical accounts are invariably written by the winners. B. Powerful people will often record their experience by themselves. C. Losers have little or no say in the documentation of their struggle. D. Winners have the moral obligation to accurately record events. 7. The author views the revision of history as _________. A. a good thing in some exceptional situations B. generally harmful when done so to favor one side C. always motivated by the desire to portray the reviser in a better light D. rendering the revised history useless for the purpose of analysis 8. Which of the following is true of historical revision? A. Revision of World War II events has proven that such actions are right. B. Such revision results in an undeserved sense of national pride. C. Revising history has little effects beyond the borders of any one country. D. Historical revision has great impact on future generations. 9. By saying “When …, … a weaker one” (Line 1-2, Para. 4), the author means that _________. A. history is an intertwined series of events coming together to form a larger picture B. a loss of reliability in any single segment of history makes the entire historical record suspect C. once one piece of history is revised, the whole world will become weak D. if the integrity of the historical record is breached, it can soon be fully recovered 10. The text intends to tell us that _________. A. revising history must be avoided in all situations at all costs B. the revision of history leads to vital lessons C. if revision of history goes on, the meaning behind the revised events will lose D. historical revision is an international problem Passage 3 Tourists are the trouble, American ones mostly. Mountain towns in Colorado that used to depend on ranching and mining are being transformed as never before into resorts. The locals face the traditional dilemma of relatively poor people who live in beautiful places; they like the money tourism brings, but they resent the tourists. More than half the property in five resorts-Aspen, Breckenridge, Steamboat Spring, Telluride and Vail-is now owned by people who live outside Colorado. This is the land of the estate agent. The ratio of agents and brokers to residents is about one to 20 in Steamboat, one to ten in Vail, one to seven in Aspen, and one to five in Breckenridge and Telluride. In the country as whole, the ratio is about once to 200. The pastel-paint gentrification of Aspen and Vail reflects the influx of new owners-Californians, Texans and New Yorkers. Some investors come from farther afield. The

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