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C语言大学实用教程习题与实验指导-哈工大考研复试教材-苏小红.pdf

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    21世纪大学计算机系列教材 C语言大学实用教程习题与实验指导 苏小红 等 编著 王宇颖 主审 Publishing House of Electronics Industry 北京・BEIJING
    内容简介本书是《C语言大学实用教程》的配套教学用书。第1章习题解答�包括主教材中全部习题及解答�涵盖全国计算机等级考试各种题型�选择题、程序填空题、程序改错题、阅读程序写出运行结果题、编程题等��综合运用数据类型、程序结构和典型算法。第2章上机实验指导�以知识点为主线�采用任务驱动方式�兼具趣味性和实用性�内容包括Turbo C环境下的程序调试方法�Turbo C屏幕窗口和常用图形函数�Turbo C环境下图形与声音制作实例�在Visual C++环境下运行C程序�课内与课外上机实验题目和上机实验题目参考答案。 主教材为任课教师免费提供电子课件�并同时提供例题和习题源程序。本书可作为高校各专业C语言教辅教材和全国计算机等级考试参考书。 未经许可�不得以任何方式复制或抄袭本书之部分或全部内容。 版权所有�侵权必究。 图书在版编目�CIP�数据 C语言大学实用教程习题与实验指导 / 苏小红等编著. —北京�电子工业出版社�2004.8 �21世纪大学计算机系列教材� ISBN 7-121-00082-2 Ⅰ. C… Ⅱ. 苏… Ⅲ. C语言—程序设计—高等学校—教学参考资料 Ⅳ. TP312 中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字�2004�第065154号 策划编辑�童占梅 责任编辑�童占梅 印 刷� 出版发行�电子工业出版社 北京市海淀区万寿路173信箱 邮编 100036 经 销�各地新华书店 开 本�787×1 092 1/16 印张�15.75 字数�380千字 印 次�2004年8月第1次印刷 印 数�5 000册 定价�18.00元 � 凡购买电子工业出版社的图书�如有缺损问题�请向购买书店调换。若书店售缺�请与本社发行部联系。联系电话��010�68279077。质量投诉请发邮件至zlts@phei.com.cn�盗版侵权举报请发邮件至dbqq@phei.com.cn。
    总 序 进入21世纪�信息社会发展的脚步越来越快�对人才的需求也呈现出新的变化趋势。计算机与外语成为新世纪高素质人才必须熟练掌握的工具。大学计算机公共课程也面临新的机遇和挑战�首先是来自社会和就业市场对人才“知识—能力—素质”要求的挑战�其次是计算机和相关领域技术及应用快速发展带来的冲击�最后是普及计算机教育后要求高等计算机教育在教学的“难度—深度—强度”三维同步提高。在这样的大背景下�大学计算机公共课程在“基础—技术—应用”方面呈现出层次性、通用性和专业需求多样化的特点。我们一直追踪、关注一线教师和专家的卓有成效的课程和教材改革与发展研究�适时推出了“21世纪大学计算机系列教材”。 该系列教材在知识结构方面力求覆盖“计算机系统与平台、程序设计与算法、数据分析与信息处理、信息系统开发”四个领域�内容强调“概念性基础、技术与方法基础、应用技能”三个层次�第一批教材涉及《大学计算机基础》、《程序设计与算法》、《计算机硬件技术基础》�或《计算机组成与接口技术》�、《数据库技术与应用》、《多媒体技术与应用》和《网络技术与应用》等六门核心课程。同时�我们也在挖掘其他通用的应用课程教材�并将陆续推出。我们特别注意到�高校工科电类专业、理科和工科非电类专业、经管类专业和文史类专业有各自不同的特点�可以采用“1+X”的课程解决方案�“1”指第一门计算机课程“大学计算机基础”�“X”指适合不同学校和专业特点的其他课程及其组合�我们的系列教材为此提供了选择的灵活性。 “21世纪大学计算机系列教材”立足体系创新、知识创新、教学设计和教学模式创新�全面考虑读者的需求�努力提升教材的可读性和可用性�为教学提供尽可能完善的服务。如提供同步的“习题与实验指导”书�一些教材还为教师提供可修改的电子教案、源程序包、教学指导手册或阶段自测题等多种类型的教学服务�即提供“教材—教辅—课件”教学支持。读者可以通过电子工业出版社的华信教育资源网站�http://www.hxedu.com.cn�了解该系列教材的出版和服务的动态信息。 “21世纪大学计算机系列教材”的建设得到了很多专家和老师的热情支持�教材作者来自哈尔滨工业大学、吉林大学、华中科技大学、中国科技大学、中山大学、北京邮电大学、浙江工业大学等高校�这些课程都是各高校的教改优质课程和精品课程�体现了作者对课程和教学的探索与创新。希望这套教材的出版能有力地推动大学计算机新课程体系的建立与发展�同时也能为高等计算机教育带来与时俱进的活力和生机。 由于我们的水平和经验所限�加之计算机和相关领域技术及应用的发展迅速�该系列教材一定还存在不少缺点和不足�欢迎领域专家和广大读者批评指正。我们会继续努力�力求不断完善和提高�以便更好地满足高等计算机教育不断变化的需求。 �“21世纪大学计算机系列教材”编委会
    前 言 本书是《C语言大学实用教程》的配套教学用书�可作为高校各专业C语言教辅教材和全国计算机等级考试参考书。 如何让学生在学习程序设计的过程中养成良好的编程风格�使学生在上机调试程序时不再感到枯燥乏味�一直是本书作者多年来不断思考的问题。 一本教材就像孩子的父母一样将会如影随形般地对孩子们产生潜移默化的重要影响。我们不敢妄言《C语言大学实用教程》的出版能起到像父母那样的教育作用�只是希望读者在阅读本书文字的过程中可以体会到作者的一片良苦用心。它不仅体现在每一章、每一节的文字里�更渗透在每一个程序、每一行代码�甚至是每一个函数和变量的命名里。配套出版的这本《C语言大学实用教程习题与实验指导》中的习题和实验程序�是按照目前最流行的编码规范以及与教材例题相统一的编码风格编写的。 本书提供《C语言大学实用教程》中全部习题的解答。 与实验相关的内容包括Turbo C集成环境下的程序调试方法、常用的Turbo C屏幕窗口操作函数和常用图形函数、图形与声音制作实例和Visual C++环境下运行标准C程序的方法等。 为配合授课进度�本书共设计了10个课内上机实验题目和10个课外上机实验题目。这些以主要知识点为主线设计的实验题目�兼具趣味性和实用性�并以循序渐进的任务驱动方式�指导读者完成程序设计实验。建议实验为20学时�可以要求学生每2学时做一个实验。如果实验学时为30学时�则可以选择部分课外上机实验内容作为补充。 本书全部习题解答和实验程序均由作者本人在Visual C++和Turbo C下调试通过。 《C语言大学实用教程》多媒体教学课件将于教材正式出版以后制作�届时连同全部例题与习题源程序文件一起免费提供给使用本教材的教学单位。有需要者可与出版社或作者本人直接联系。可登录电子工业出版社华信教育资源网http//www.hxedu.com.cn或直接联系教材服务部010-68152204索取。 全书的统稿与审定工作由苏小红完成�实验题目设计及实验程序参考答案、常用的Turbo C屏幕窗口操作函数和常用图形函数等内容由苏小红编写�习题4、习题7参考答案由李秀坤编写�习题2、习题3参考答案由温东新编写�习题6参考答案由王庆北编写�习题8和习题9参考答案、Turbo C环境下的图形与声音制作实例、Turbo C集成环境下的C语言上机方法简介等内容由陈惠鹏编写�习题1、习题5、习题10参考答案�Visual C++环境下运行C程序等内容由孙志岗编写。在本书写作过程中�王宇颖和李东教授在百忙之中审阅了全部初稿�对本书提出了许多宝贵意见。在书稿的录入、校对、程序调试中�秦兵、刘秉权、李希然、周明德、刘开昌、陶海军、李晗静、刘松波等做了大量工作。 此外�廖明宏教授、王义和教授对本书出版给予了大力支持�在此向他们表示衷心的感谢。
    因编者水平有限�书中错误在所难免�恳请读者批评指正�我们会在重印时及时改正发现的错误。作者的E-mail地址�sxh@hit.edu.cn�lixiukun@hit.edu.cn�beix2@hit.edu.cn�wdongxin@hit.edu.cn�chp@ir.hit.edu.cn�sun@hit.edu.cn。欢迎读者来信提出宝贵意见。 作 者 于哈尔滨工业大学计算机科学与技术学院
    目 录 第1章 习题解答··········································································································································�1� 1.1 习题1及参考答案·······························································································································�2� 1.2 习题2及参考答案·······························································································································�2� 1.3 习题3及参考答案·······························································································································�4� 1.4 习题4及参考答案·······························································································································�8� 1.5 习题5及参考答案·····························································································································�43� 1.6 习题6及参考答案·····························································································································�50� 1.7 习题7及参考答案·····························································································································�71� 1.8 习题8及参考答案·····························································································································�87� 1.9 习题9及参考答案···························································································································�107� 1.10 习题10及参考答案·······················································································································�113� 第2章 上机实验指导·····························································································································�124� 2.1 TURBO C集成环境下C语言上机方法简介···················································································�125� 2.2 TURBO C 屏幕窗口操作函数和常用图形函数···············································································�136� 2.3 TURBO C环境下的图形与声音制作实例························································································�141� 2.4 在VISUAL C++环境下运行C程序·································································································�156� 2.5 课内上机实验题目···························································································································�159� 2.5.1 实验1 熟悉上机环境和顺序结构编程练习···································································�159� 2.5.2 实验2 选择结构编程练习·······························································································�160� 2.5.3 实验3 循环结构编程练习·······························································································�161� 2.5.4 实验4 函数编程练习·······································································································�162� 2.5.5 实验5 数组编程练习·······································································································�162� 2.5.6 实验6 一维数组和函数综合编程练习···········································································�163� 2.5.7 实验7 二维数组和函数综合编程练习···········································································�164� 2.5.8 实验8 数组、指针和函数综合编程练习·······································································�164� 2.5.9 实验9 结构体编程练习···································································································�165� 2.5.10 实验10 文件编程练习···································································································�167� 2.6 课外上机实验题目···························································································································�167� 2.6.1 实验1 计算到期存款本息之和·······················································································�167� 2.6.2 实验2 存款预算···············································································································�167� 2.6.3 实验3 寻找最佳存款方案·······························································································�168� 2.6.4 实验4 抓交通肇事犯·······································································································�169� 2.6.5 实验5 求解不等式···········································································································�169� 2.6.6 实验6 计算礼炮声响次数·······························································································�169�
    C语言大学实用教程习题与实验指导 ・II・ 2.6.7 实验7 产值翻番计算·······································································································�170� 2.6.8 实验8 简单的口令检查程序···························································································�170� 2.6.9 实验9 大奖赛现场统分···································································································�170� 2.6.10 实验10 递归程序设计练习···························································································�171� 2.7 课内上机实验题目参考答案···········································································································�172� 2.7.1 实验1 熟悉上机环境和顺序结构编程练习···································································�172� 2.7.2 实验2 选择结构编程练习·······························································································�174� 2.7.3 实验3 循环结构编程练习·······························································································�178� 2.7.4 实验4 函数编程练习·······································································································�183� 2.7.5 实验5 数组编程练习·······································································································�192� 2.7.6 实验6 一维数组和函数综合编程练习···········································································�197� 2.7.7 实验7 二维数组和函数综合编程练习···········································································�201� 2.7.8 实验8 数组、指针和函数综合编程练习·······································································�206� 2.7.9 实验9 结构体编程练习···································································································�212� 2.7.10 实验10 文件编程练习···································································································�214� 2.8 课外上机实验题目参考答案···········································································································�224� 2.8.1 实验1 计算到期存款本息之和·······················································································�224� 2.8.2 实验2 存款预算···············································································································�225� 2.8.3 实验3 寻找最佳存款方案·······························································································�226� 2.8.4 实验4 抓交通肇事犯·······································································································�227� 2.8.5 实验5 求解不等式···········································································································�227� 2.8.6 实验6 计算礼炮声响次数·······························································································�228� 2.8.7 实验7 产值翻番计算·······································································································�229� 2.8.8 实验8 简单的口令检查程序···························································································�230� 2.8.9 实验9 大奖赛现场统分···································································································�231� 2.8.10 实验10 递归程序设计练习···························································································�237�
    第1章 习题解答 � 学习要点 � 完成主教材中全部习题 � 熟悉全国计算机等级考试各种题型� 选择题、程序填空题、程序改错题、阅读程序写出运行 结果题、编程题等 � 注意综合运用数据类型、程序结构和典型算法
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