2008 年山东科技大学英语综合考研真题 第一部分：英语语言学知识 一.Define the following terms.Use examples where necessary.(每题 2 分，共 20 分) 1. duality 2. polysemy 3. allophone 4. morpheme 5. hyponymy 6. assimilation 7. back-formation 8. componential analysis 9. concord 10.pidgin 二.Translate the following terms.(每题 1 分，共 10 分) 1. Put the following terms into Chinese. a) bilingualism b) allophone c) register d) language acquisition e) dialectal synonyms 2. Put the following terms into English. a)最小对立体 b)双唇音 c)表层结构 d)发音语言学 e)言外行为 三. Give the description of the following sound segments in English.(每题 2 分， 共 10 分) 1.[p] 2.[y] 3.[d] 4.[u:] 5.[i] 四. Choose the best answer to each question(每题 1 分，共 10 分) 1. The word for“书”is book in English and“livre”in French. Which design feature of language does this illustrate? A. duality B. creativity C. displacement D. arbitrariness 2. What function do the greetings “How are you?”in English and “你吃了吗?”in 

Chinese perform? A. phatic communion B. emotive function C. metalingual function D. poetic function 3. Which of the following pairs of words makes a minimal pair in English? A. beat,beak B. late,rat C.bite,ride D. file,frail 4. The relation between “alive” and “dead”,“male” and “female” are antonymy. They belong to____. A. gradable antonym B. complementary antonym C. converse antonym D. complete antonym 5.“Who have you spoken to today?”is what people usually say. But the traditional grammar would insist that people say “whom have you spoken to today?”This shows the distinction between ___and ______· A. langue…parole B. competence…performance C. description…prescription D.macrolinguistics…microlinguistics 6. Of the ways of word formation,“televise”is an example of ____. A. compound B. back-formation C. suffixation D. functional shift 7. The word beginning with a labiodental consonant is ____. A. fish B. ring C.bring D. popular 8. The word beginning with a glottal is _. A. hour B. hat C. link D. thing 9. Your word knowledge is stored in a mental dictionary,called ____. A. lexicon B. word storage C. working dictionary D. word formation 10. ____is the linguistic reflection of the relationship the language user has to 

the medium of transmission. A. discourse B. field of discourse C. tenor of discourse D. mode of discourse 五.Answer the following questions briefly.(每题 5 分，共 30 分) 1.Analyze the following -ing forms that modify the nouns and distinguish them a walking stick,a walking man sleeping bills,a sleeping beauty 2. Discuss the meaning of the following three phrases. a)the bridge to be built b)the bridge being built c)the bridge built 3. Give the full forms of the following words and discuss how they are created. USA,UK,IPA,LAD 4. Study the underlined morphemes in the following two groups,and discuss their differences. The first group:conservation,amusement,survival,careful The second group: Mary' s,tables, passed,eating 5. Describe in what ways the following expressions are “ambiguous”. a)The shooting of the hunter is terrible. b)Visiting scholars can be a nuisance c)She is taking care of the old men and women. 6. Study the pronunciation of the plural forms of the following nouns and discuss the rules that govern them. a)tables,beds,pillows, sofas b)seats,bunks,cups,quilts c)benches,bridges,mattresses,cases 六. Discuss the following questions as comprehensively as possible, giving examples if necessary.(每题 10 分，共 20 分) 1. If Aristotle had spoken Chinese,his logic would have been different.Give your comment on the statement. 2. Discuss the mother tongue interference you have observed or experienced in learning English. 第二部分：英美文学知识 1. Answer the questions based on the poem below.(共 10 分) The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet,balck bough. (1)Identify the title and the author of the poem;(4 分) (2)What does the peom mean?(6 分) 2. Answer the questions based on the reading passage below.(共 20 分) It is a truth universally acknowledged,that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding 

families,that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. “My dear Mr.Bennet,” said his lady to him one day,“have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?” Mr. Bennet replied that he had not. “But it is,”returned she;“for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she told me all about it.” Mr. Bennet made no answer. “Do not you want to know who has taken it?”cried his wife impatiently. “You want to tell me,and I have no objection to hearing it.” This was invitation enough. —From Pride and Prejudice,Chapter I (1)Prom whose perspective does the speaker reach the conclusion that“a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife”? (4 分) (2)What literary effect has the narration achieved through such perspective? (6 分) (3)How do the direct and indirect speeches contribute to the characterization of the Bennets?(10 分) 3. F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is a concentrated meditation on “the American dream,” understood as the faith that anyone,even of the most humble origins,can attain wealth and social standing in the United States through talent and individual initiative. How do you interpret Gatsby's greatness?(20 分)