U N D E R S T A N D I N G
S TAT I S T I C S
IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES ■ TENTH EDITION
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U N D E R S T A N D I N G
S T A T I S T I C S
IN THE BEHAVIOR AL SCIENCES ■ TE NTH E D ITI O N
ROBERT R. PAGANO
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Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral
Sciences, Tenth Edition
Robert R. Pagano
Publisher: Jon-David Hague
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I dedicate this tenth edition to all truth-seekers. May this
textbook aid you in forming an objective understanding of
reality. May the data-based, objective approach taught here
help inform your decisions and beliefs to help improve your life
and the lives of the rest of us.
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Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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A B O U T T H E A U T H O R
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ROBERT R. PAGANO received a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering degree from
Rensselaer P olytechnic I nstitute i n 1956 a nd a Ph.D . i n Biological P sychology f rom
Yale University i n 1965. H e was A ssistant P rofessor a nd A ssociate P rofessor i n t he
Department of Psychology at the University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, from
1965 to 1989. He was Associate Chairman of the Department of Neuroscience at t he
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from 1990 to June 2000. While at
the Department of Neuroscience, i n addition to h is ot her duties, he ser ved as Direc-
tor of Undergraduate Studies, was the departmental adviser for undergraduate majors,
taught both u ndergraduate a nd g raduate statistics cou rses, a nd ser ved as a s tatistical
consultant for departmental faculty. Bob was also Director of the Statistical Cores for
two NIH center grants in schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. He retired from the
University of Pittsburgh in June 2000. Bob’s current interests are in the physiology of
consciousness, the physiology and psychology of meditation and in Positive Psychology.
He has taught courses in introductory statistics at the University of Washington and at
the University of Pittsburgh for over thirty years. He has been a fi nalist for the outstand-
ing t eaching award at t he University of Washington for h is t eaching of i ntroductory
statistics.
Bob is married to Carol A. Eikleberry and they have a 21-year-old son, Robby. In
addition, Bob has fi ve grown daughters, Renee, Laura, Maria, Elizabeth, and Christina,
one granddaughter, Mikaela, and a yellow lab. In his undergraduate years, Bob was an
athlete, winning varsity letters in basketball, baseball and soccer. He loves tennis, but
arthritis has temporarily caused a shift in retirement ambitions from winning the sin-
gles title at Wimbledon to watching the U.S. Open and getting in shape for doubles play
sometime in the future. He also loves the outdoors, especially hiking, and his morning
coffee. He especially values his daily meditation practice. His favorite cities to visit are
Boulder, Estes Park, New York, Aspen, Santa Fe, and Santa Barbara.
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Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.