2008-2009年福建师范大学写作与翻译考研真题.doc

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2008-2009 年福建师范大学写作与翻译考研真题 2008 1. Translation: (75 points) 1.Put the following passage into Chinese:(37.5 points) Language has a magical property: when we speakor wite wccrat what we have to say to fit the situation or context in which we are communicating. But at the same time, how we speak or write creates that yery situation or context. It seems,then, that we fit our language to a situation or context that our language, in turn, helped to create in the first place. This is rather like the "chicken and egg question":Which comes first? The situation we are in? Or the language we use? Is this "a committe meeting" becnuse we are speaking or acting this way or are we speaking and acting this way because this is a committee meeting? After all, if we did not speak and act in cerain ways committee meeting could not exist; but then, if ins.itutions. committees and committee meetings did not already exist, speaking and acting this way would be nonsense.The answer here is that this magical property is real and language and institutions "boot strap"each other into existence in a reciprocal process through time. Another way to look at the matter is this: we always actively use spoken and written language to create or build the world of activities and institutions around us.

However, thanks to the working of history and culture, we often do this in more or less routine ways. 2.Put the following passage into English: (37.5 points) 习惯是人生的最好的指导。只有这条原则可以使我们的经验有益于我们，并且使我们期待将米有类似过去的一串事情发生。如果没有经验的影响，那我们除了当下呈现于记忆和感官的事情以外，完全不知道别的事情。我们将永远不会知道如何用自己的手段米达到我们的目的，我们将永远不会运用我们的白然能力米产生任何结果。如果这样，一切行动都会停止，大部分的思维也会停止。 Writing-(75 points) "Beliefis Knowledge"Make acomment of about 250 words on this statement. (35points) AGte, in about 300 words, for or against the statement"languace is a social phenotnenon"(40 points 2009 I、Translation: 1. Put the following passage into Chinese:(35 points) There is a capitalist principle which nobody wants to pay atention to.which says that if I borow money fromyou,its my responsibility to pay itback and it is your risk ifIdont pay itback.That is the capitalist principle.But nobody even conceives of that possibility Suppose we were to follow that. Take Indonesia, for example. Right now is economy

is cnushed by the fact that is debt is something like 140 percent of GDP.Trace that debt back,itturns out that the borowers were someting like 100 to 200 people around the military dictatorship that wesupported.The lenders were international banks Alot of that debt has been by now socialized through the IMF, which means taxpayers in the Noth who fund the IMF are responsible. What about the lenders?The lenders are protected from risk Thats one of the main functions of the IMF, to provide free risk insurance to people wholend and invest n risky loans.They earn high yields because there's a lot of risk. But they don'thave to take therisk,becauseitssocilized. Its transfered in various ways to Northern taxpayers through the IMF and other devics,like Brady bonds.The whole systemis one in which the borowers arereleased fromthe responsibility. That's tansfered to the impoverished mass of the population in their own countries. And the lenders are protected from risk. These are ideologicalchoics,noteconomic ones. 2. Put the folowing passage into English:(40 poins) 最沉重的负荷——假如有个恶魔在某一天或某个夜晚闯进你最难耐的孤寂中，并对你说∶" 你现在和过去的生活，就是你今后的生活。它将周而复始，不断重复，绝无新意。你生活中的每一种快乐、痛苦、思想、叹息，以及一切大大小小、无法言说的事情都会在你身上重复，而且均以同样的顺序降临·." 你听了这话是否会瘫倒在地呢?你是否会咬牙切齿，诅咒这个口出狂言的恶魔呢?你在以前或许经过这样的时刻，那时你的回答是∶"你真是神明，我从未听到过比这更神圣的话呢"。倘若这种想法压倒了你，恶魔就会改变你，说不定会把你辗得粉碎。"你是否还要这样回答，并且一直这样回答呢? "这是人人都必须回答的问题，也是你最沉重的负荷!或者，你无论对

自己还是对人生，均安于现状，放弃去追求比这最终的永恒更为热烈的东西呢? II、Writig(75 points) 1. Write an essay of about 300words on How and whyyou value yourlife.(35 points) 2.Wnite an essay of about350wonds on International financial crisis and china'seconomy.(40 points)

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