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Developing with PDF 无水印pdf.pdf
Cover
Copyright
Table of Contents
Preface
Who Should Read This Book
Organization of Content
Conventions Used in This Book
Safari® Books Online
How to Contact Us
Acknowledgments
1. PDF Syntax
PDF Objects
Null Objects
Boolean Objects
Numeric Objects
Name Objects
String Objects
Array Objects
Dictionary Objects
Stream Objects
Direct versus Indirect Objects
File Structure
White-Space
The Four Sections of a PDF
Incremental Update
Linearization
Document Structure
The Catalog Dictionary
The Page Tree
Pages
The Name Dictionary
What's Next
2. PDF Imaging Model
Content Streams
Graphic State
The Painter's Model
Open versus Closed Paths
Clipping
Drawing Paths
Transformations
Basic Color
Marked Content Operators
Property Lists
Resources
External Graphic State
Basic Transparency
What's Next
3. Images
Raster Images
Adding the Image
JPEG Images
Transparency and Images
Soft Masks
Stencil Masks
Color-Keyed Masks
Vector Images
Adding the Form XObject
The Form Dictionary
Copying a Page to a Form XObject
What's Next
4. Text
Fonts
Glyphs
Font Types
The Font Dictionary
Encodings
Text State
Font and Size
Rendering Mode
Drawing Text
Positioning Text
What's Next
5. Navigation
Destinations
Explicit Destinations
Named Destinations
Actions
The Action Dictionary
GoTo Actions
URI Actions
GoToR and Launch Actions
Multimedia Actions
Nested Actions
Bookmarks or Outlines
What's Next
6. Annotations
Introduction
Annotation Dictionaries
Appearance Streams
Markup Annotations
Text Markup
Drawing Markup
Stamps Markup
Text Annotations and Pop-ups
Non-Markup Annotations
What's Next
7. AcroForms
The Interactive Form Dictionary
The Field Dictionary
Field Names
Field Flags
Fields and Annotations
Field Classes
Button Fields
Text Fields
Choice Fields
Signature Fields
Form Actions
SubmitForm
ResetForm
ImportData
What's Next
8. Embedded Files
File Specifications
Embedded File Streams
URL File Specifications
Ways to Embed Files
FileAttachment Annotations
The EmbeddedFiles Name Tree
Collections
The Collection Dictionary
Collection Schema
GoToE Actions
What's Next
9. Multimedia and 3D
Simple Media
Sound Annotations
Movie Annotations
Multimedia
Screen Annotation
Rendition Actions
3D
3D Annotations
Markups on 3D
What's Next
10. Optional Content
Optional Content Groups
Content State
Usage
Optional Content Membership
Visibility Policies
Visibility Expressions
Optional Content Configuration
Order Key
RBGroups
AS (Automatic State)
Optional Content Properties
Marking Content as Optional
Optional Content in Content Streams
Optional Content for Form XObjects
Optional Content for Annotations
What's Next
11. Tagging and Structure
Structured PDF
The Structure Tree
Structure Elements
Role Mapping
Associating Structure to Content
Tagged PDFs
What's Next
12. Metadata
The Document Information Dictionary
Metadata Streams
XMP
XMP in PDF
XMP versus the Info Dictionary
What's Next
13. PDF Standards
PDF (ISO 32000)
PDF/X (ISO 15930)
PDF/A (ISO 19005)
PDF/E (ISO 24517)
PDF/VT (ISO 16612-2)
PDF/UA (ISO 14289)
Other PDF-Related Standards
PAdES (ETSI TS 102 778)
PDF Healthcare
Index
About the Author
Developing with PDF
Leonard Rosenthol
Developing with PDF
by Leonard Rosenthol
Copyright © 2014 Leonard Rosenthol. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are
also available for most titles (http://my.safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/
institutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com.
Editors: Simon St. Laurent and Meghan Blanchette
Production Editor: Nicole Shelby
Copyeditor: Rachel Head
Indexer: WordCo Indexing Services
Cover Designer: Randy Comer
Interior Designer: David Futato
Illustrator: Rebecca Demarest
October 2013:
First Edition
Revision History for the First Edition:
2013-10-11: First release
See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781449327910 for release details.
Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of O’Reilly
Media, Inc. Developing with PDF, the image of a Chilean Plantcutter, and related trade dress are trademarks
of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as
trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc., was aware of a trade‐
mark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps.
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no
responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained
herein.
ISBN: 978-1-449-32791-0
[LSI]
Table of Contents
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
1. PDF Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
PDF Objects 1
Null Objects 1
Boolean Objects 2
Numeric Objects 2
Name Objects 3
String Objects 4
Array Objects 5
Dictionary Objects 5
Stream Objects 7
Direct versus Indirect Objects 8
File Structure 10
White-Space 13
The Four Sections of a PDF 14
Incremental Update 18
Linearization 20
Document Structure 21
The Catalog Dictionary 21
The Page Tree 24
Pages 26
The Name Dictionary 32
What’s Next 33
2. PDF Imaging Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Content Streams 35
Graphic State 36
The Painter’s Model 39
iii
Open versus Closed Paths 39
Clipping 40
Drawing Paths 41
Transformations 42
Basic Color 44
Marked Content Operators 46
Property Lists 47
Resources 47
External Graphic State 48
Basic Transparency 49
What’s Next 50
3.
Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
Raster Images 51
Adding the Image 52
JPEG Images 54
Transparency and Images 55
Soft Masks 55
Stencil Masks 56
Color-Keyed Masks 57
Vector Images 58
Adding the Form XObject 58
The Form Dictionary 59
Copying a Page to a Form XObject 61
What’s Next 61
4. Text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Fonts 63
Glyphs 63
Font Types 65
The Font Dictionary 66
Encodings 69
Text State 71
Font and Size 71
Rendering Mode 73
Drawing Text 74
Positioning Text 75
What’s Next 76
5. Navigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Destinations 77
Explicit Destinations 77
iv
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Table of Contents
Named Destinations 78
Actions 79
The Action Dictionary 79
GoTo Actions 79
URI Actions 80
GoToR and Launch Actions 81
Multimedia Actions 82
Nested Actions 82
Bookmarks or Outlines 83
What’s Next 85
6. Annotations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Introduction 87
Annotation Dictionaries 87
Appearance Streams 88
Markup Annotations 88
Text Markup 89
Drawing Markup 91
Stamps Markup 98
Text Annotations and Pop-ups 101
Non-Markup Annotations 102
What’s Next 103
7. AcroForms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
The Interactive Form Dictionary 105
The Field Dictionary 106
Field Names 107
Field Flags 107
Fields and Annotations 108
Field Classes 109
Button Fields 109
Text Fields 112
Choice Fields 115
Signature Fields 119
Form Actions 119
SubmitForm 120
ResetForm 121
ImportData 122
What’s Next 122
8. Embedded Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
File Specifications 123
Table of Contents
|
v
Embedded File Streams 124
URL File Specifications 125
Ways to Embed Files 126
FileAttachment Annotations 126
The EmbeddedFiles Name Tree 127
Collections 128
The Collection Dictionary 129
Collection Schema 130
GoToE Actions 133
What’s Next 134
9. Multimedia and 3D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Simple Media 137
Sound Annotations 137
Movie Annotations 139
Multimedia 141
Screen Annotation 141
Rendition Actions 142
3D 145
3D Annotations 145
Markups on 3D 148
What’s Next 149
10. Optional Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Optional Content Groups 151
Content State 151
Usage 152
Optional Content Membership 154
Visibility Policies 154
Visibility Expressions 154
Optional Content Configuration 155
Order Key 156
RBGroups 159
AS (Automatic State) 160
Optional Content Properties 160
Marking Content as Optional 161
Optional Content in Content Streams 161
Optional Content for Form XObjects 164
Optional Content for Annotations 165
What’s Next 166
11. Tagging and Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
vi
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Table of Contents
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