LS-DYNA 971版帮助文档.pdf

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**** Volume I ****

Table of Contents

Introduction

Getting Started

Description of Keyword Input

Execution Syntax

Sense Switch Controls

Procedure for LS-DYNA/MPP

Files: Input and Output

Restart Analysis

VDA / IGES Databases

LS-PrePost

Execution Speeds

Units

General Card Format

*AIRBAG

*AIRBAG_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}

*AIRBAG_SIMPLE_PRESSURE_VOLUME

*AIRBAG_ADIABATIC_GAS_MODEL

*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE

*AIRBAG_ LOAD_CURVE

*AIRBAG_LINEAR_FLUID

*AIRBAG_HYBRID

*AIRBAG_HYBRID_CHEMKIN

*AIRBAG_ADVANCED_ALE

*AIRBAG_ALE

*AIRBAG_INTERACTION

*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_{OPTION}_(OPTION}

*AIRBAG_SHELL_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY

*ALE

*ALE_FSI_PROJECTION

*ALE_FSI_SWITCH_MMG_{OPTION}

*ALE_MULTI-MATERIAL_GROUP

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CURVE

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_GROUP

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_NODE

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_SWITCH

*ALE_SMOOTHING

*ALE_TANK_TEST

*ALE_UP_SWITCH

*BOUNDARY

*BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING

*BOUNDARY_AMBIENT_EOS

*BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_OPTION

*BOUNDARY_CYCLIC

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_OPTION

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_ACOUSTIC

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_CONTROL

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_FLOW

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_NEIGHBOR

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_SYMMETRY

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_WAKE

*BOUNDARY_FLUX_OPTION

*BOUNDARY_MCOL

*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING

*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D

*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ACCELEROMETER_RIGID

*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_OPTION1_{OPTION2}

*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_OPTION

*BOUNDARY_PRESSURE_OUTFLOW_OPTION

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_OPTION1_{OPTION2}

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SEGMENT

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SEGMENT_VF_READ

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SEGMENT_VF_CALCULATE

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_VF_READ

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_VF_CALCULATE

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_EF_READ

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_EF_CALCULATE

*BOUNDARY_SLIDING_PLANE

*BOUNDARY_SPC_OPTION1_{OPTION2}

*BOUNDARY_SPH_FLOW

*BOUNDARY_SPH_SYMMETRY_PLANE

*BOUNDARY_SYMMETRY_FAILURE

*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_OPTION

*BOUNDARY_THERMAL_WELD

*BOUNDARY_USA_SURFACE

*CASE

*COMPONENT

*COMPONENT_GEBOD_OPTION

*COMPONENT_GEBOD_JOINT_OPTION

*COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII

*COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII_JOINT_OPTION

*CONSTRAINED

*CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY

*CONSTRAINED_BUTT_WELD

*CONSTRAINED_EULER_IN_EULER

*CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES_OPTION

*CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_OPTION_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_GLOBAL

*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_OPTION_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_OPTION

*CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID_{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}

*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_GLOBAL

*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_LOCAL

*CONSTRAINED_LOCAL

*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_POINTS

*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES

*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY_STOPPERS

*CONSTRAINED_RIVET_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_SHELL_TO_SOLID

*CONSTRAINED_SPLINE

*CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD_{OPTION}_{OPTION}

*CONSTRAINED_TIE-BREAK

*CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE

*CONTACT

*CONTACT_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}_{OPTION5}

*CONTACT_AUTO_MOVE

*CONTACT_COUPLING

*CONTACT_ENTITY

*CONTACT_GEBOD_OPTION

*CONTACT_GUIDED_CABLE_{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}

*CONTACT_INTERIOR

*CONTACT_RIGID_SURFACE

*CONTACT_1D

*CONTACT_2D_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}

*CONTROL

*CONTROL_ACCURACY

*CONTROL_ADAPSTEP

*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE

*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE_CURVE

*CONTROL_ALE

*CONTROL_BULK_VISCOSITY

*CONTROL_CHECK_{OPTION}

*CONTROL_COARSEN

*CONTROL_CONTACT

*CONTROL_COUPLING

*CONTROL_CPU

*CONTROL_DYNAMIC_RELAXATION

*CONTROL_EFG

*CONTROL_ENERGY

*CONTROL_EXPLOSIVE_SHADOW

*CONTROL_FORMING_....

*CONTROL_FORMING_POSITION

*CONTROL_FORMING_PROJECTION

*CONTROL_FORMING_TEMPLATE

*CONTROL_FORMING_TRAVEL

*CONTROL_FORMING_USER

*CONTROL_HOURGLASS_{OPTION}

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_....

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_AUTO

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_BUCKLE

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_DYNAMICS

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_EIGENVALUE

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_GENERAL

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_INERTIA_RELIEF

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_JOINTS

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODES

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLUTION

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLVER

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_STABILIZATION

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_TERMINATION

*CONTROL_MPP_....

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_AUTOMATIC

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CHECK_SPEED

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CONTACT_DISTRIBUTE

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CONTACT_ISOLATE

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_FILE

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_METHOD

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_NUMPROC

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_SHOW

*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_TRANSFORMATION

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_NOD3DUMP

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_NODUMP

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_NOFULL

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_SWAPBYTES

*CONTROL_NONLOCAL

*CONTROL_OUTPUT

*CONTROL_PARALLEL

*CONTROL_REMESHING

*CONTROL_RIGID

*CONTROL_SHELL

*CONTROL_SOLID

*CONTROL_SOLUTION

*CONTROL_SPH

*CONTROL_SPOTWELD_BEAM

*CONTROL_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION

*CONTROL_STRUCTURED_{OPTION}

*CONTROL_SUBCYCLE

*CONTROL_TERMINATION

*CONTROL_THERMAL_....

*CONTROL_THERMAL_NONLINEAR

*CONTROL_THERMAL_SOLVER

*CONTROL_THERMAL_TIMESTEP

*CONTROL_TIMESTEP

*DAMPING

*DAMPING_FREQUENCY_RANGE

*DAMPING_GLOBAL

*DAMPING_PART_MASS

*DAMPING_PART_STIFFNESS

*DAMPING_RELATIVE

*DATABASE

*DATABASE_OPTION

*DATABASE_ADAMS

*DATABASE_BINARY_OPTION

*DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_OPTION1_{OPTION2}

*DATABASE_EXTENT_OPTION

*DATABASE_FORMAT

*DATABASE_FSI

*DATABASE_FSI_SENSOR

*DATABASE_HISTORY_OPTION

*DATABASE_NODAL_FORCE_GROUP

*DATABASE_SPRING_FORWARD

*DATABASE_SUPERPLASTIC_FORMING

*DATABASE_TRACER

*DEFINE

*DEFINE_ALEBAG_BAG

*DEFINE_ALEBAG_HOLE

*DEFINE_ALEBAG_INFLATOR

*DEFINE_BOX

*DEFINE_BOX_ADAPTIVE

*DEFINE_BOX_COARSEN

*DEFINE_BOX_DRAWBEAD

*DEFINE_BOX_SPH

*DEFINE_CONNECTION_PROPERTIES_{OPTION}

*DEFINE_CONSTRUCTION_STAGES

*DEFINE_CONTACT_VOLUME

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODES

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_VECTOR

*DEFINE_CURVE_{OPTION}

*DEFINE_CURVE_COMPENSATION

*DEFINE_CURVE_DRAWBEAD

*DEFINE_CURVE_ENTITY

*DEFINE_CURVE_FEEDBACK

*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION

*DEFINE_CURVE_SMOOTH

*DEFINE_CURVE_TRIM_{OPTION}

*DEFINE_DEATH_TIMES_OPTION

*DEFINE_FRICTION

*DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY_{OPTION}

*DEFINE_SD_ORIENTATION

*DEFINE_SET_ADAPTIVE

*DEFINE_SPOTWELD_FAILURE_RESULTANTS

*DEFINE_SPOTWELD_RUPTURE_PARAMETER

*DEFINE_SPOTWELD_RUPTURE_STRESS

*DEFINE_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION_PART

*DEFINE_TABLE

*DEFINE_TRANSFORMATION

*DEFINE_VECTOR

EXAMPLES

*DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID

*DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID_AUTOMATIC

*DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID_INERTIA

*EF

*EF_CONTROL

*EF_GRID

*EF_MATERIAL

*EF_TOGGLES

*ELEMENT

*ELEMENT_BEAM_{OPTION}_{OPTION}

*ELEMENT_DIRECT_MATRIX_INPUT

*ELEMENT_DISCRETE

*ELEMENT_INERTIA_{OPTION}

*ELEMENT_MASS_{OPTION}

*ELEMENT_MASS_PART_{OPTION}

*ELEMENT_PLOTEL

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT....

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_PRETENSIONER

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_RETRACTOR

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_SENSOR

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_SLIPRING

*ELEMENT_SHELL_{OPTION}

*ELEMENT_SHELL_SOURCE_SINK

*ELEMENT_SOLID_{OPTION}

*ELEMENT_SPH

*ELEMENT_TRIM

*ELEMENT_TSHELL

*EOS

DEFINITIONS & NOTES ON SOME COMMONLY USED PARAMETERS:

V0 – INITIAL REALTIVE VOLUME

E0 - INTERNAL ENERGY

EQUATION OF STATE (EOS)

LINEAR COMPRESSION

INITIAL CONDITION SETTING

WHEN TO USE THE EOS

*EOS_LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL

*EOS_JWL

*EOS_SACK_TUESDAY

*EOS_GRUNEISEN

*EOS_RATIO_OF_POLYNOMIALS

*EOS_LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL_WITH_ENERGY_LEAK

*EOS_IGNITION_AND_GROWTH_OF_REACTION_IN_HE

*EOS_TABULATED_COMPACTION

*EOS_TABULATED

*EOS_PROPELLANT_DEFLAGRATION

*EOS_TENSOR_PORE_COLLAPSE

*EOS_IDEAL_GAS

*EOS_JWLB

*EOS_GASKET

*EOS_USER_DEFINED

*HOURGLASS

*INCLUDE

*INCLUDE_{OPTION}

*INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_OPTION

*INITIAL

*INITIAL_DETONATION

*INITIAL_FOAM_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY

*INITIAL_GAS_MIXTURE

*INITIAL_MOMENTUM

*INITIAL_STRAIN_SHELL

*INITIAL_STRAIN_SOLID

*INITIAL_STRESS_BEAM

*INITIAL_STRESS_DEPTH

*INITIAL_STRESS_SECTION

*INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL_{OPTION}

*INITIAL_STRESS_SOLID

*INITIAL_STRESS_TSHELL

*INITIAL_TEMPERATURE_OPTION

*INITIAL_VEHICLE_KINEMATICS

*INITIAL_VELOCITY

*INITIAL_VELOCITY_NODE

*INITIAL_VELOCITY_RIGID_BODY

*INITIAL_VELOCITY_GENERATION

*INITIAL_VOID_OPTION

*INITIAL_VOLUME_FRACTION

*INITIAL_VOLUME_FRACTION_GEOMETRY

*INTEGRATION

*INTEGRATION_BEAM

*INTEGRATION_SHELL

*INTERFACE

*INTERFACE_COMPENSATION_NEW

*INTERFACE_COMPONENT_OPTION

*INTERFACE_JOY

*INTERFACE_LINKING_DISCRETE_NODE_OPTION

*INTERFACE_LINKING_EDGE

*INTERFACE_LINKING_SEGMENT

*INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_OPTION1_OPTION2

*KEYWORD

*LOAD

*LOAD_ALE_CONVECTION_{OPTION}

*LOAD_BEAM_OPTION

*LOAD_BLAST

*LOAD_BODY_OPTION

*LOAD_BODY_GENERALIZED

*LOAD_BODY_POROUS

*LOAD_BRODE

*LOAD_DENSITY_DEPTH

*LOAD_GRAVITY_PART

*LOAD_HEAT_CONTROLLER

*LOAD_HEAT_GENERATION_OPTION

*LOAD_MASK

*LOAD_MOTION_NODE

*LOAD_MOVING_PRESSURE

*LOAD_NODE_OPTION

*LOAD_REMOVE_PART

*LOAD_RIGID_BODY

*LOAD_SEGMENT_{OPTION}

*LOAD_SEGMENT_NONUNIFORM_{OPTION}

*LOAD_SEGMENT_SET_{OPTION}

*LOAD_SEGMENT_SET_NONUNIFORM_{OPTION}

*LOAD_SHELL_OPTION1_{OPTION2}

*LOAD_SSA

*LOAD_STIFFEN_PART

*LOAD_SUPERPLASTIC_FORMING

*LOAD_SURFACE_STRESS_{OPTION}

*LOAD_THERMAL_OPTION

*LOAD_THERMAL_CONSTANT

*LOAD_THERMAL_CONSTANT_NODE

*LOAD_THERMAL_LOAD_CURVE

*LOAD_THERMAL_TOPAZ

*LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE

*LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE_NODE

*LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE_SHELL_{OPTION}

*LOAD_VOLUME_LOSS

*NODE

*NODE_RIGID_SURFACE

*NODE_SCALAR_{OPTION}

*NODE_TRANSFORM

*PARAMETER

*PARAMETER_EXPRESSION

*PART

*PART_{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}

*PART_ADAPTIVE_FAILURE

*PART_COMPOSITE_{OPTION}

*PART_MODES

*PART_SENSOR

*PART_MOVE

*PERTURBATION

*PERTURBATION_NODE

*PERTURBATION_SHELL_THICKNESS

*RAIL

*RAIL_TRACK

*RAIL_TRAIN

*RIGIDWALL

*RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_OPTION_{OPTION}_{OPTION}

*RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}

*SECTION

*SECTION_BEAM

*SECTION_DISCRETE

*SECTION_POINT_SOURCE

*SECTION_POINT_SOURCE_MIXTURE

*SECTION_SEATBELT

*SECTION_SHELL_{OPTION}

*SECTION_SOLID_{OPTION}

*SECTION_SPH_{OPTION}

*SECTION_TSHELL

*SENSOR

*SENSOR_CONTROL

*SENSOR_DEFINE_CALC-MATH

*SENSOR_DEFINE_ELEMENT

*SENSOR_DEFINE_FORCE

*SENSOR_DEFINE_NODE

*SENSOR_SWITCH

*SENSOR_SWITCH_CALC-LOGIC

*SET

*SET_BEAM_{OPTION}

*SET_BEAM_ADD

*SET_DISCRETE_{OPTION}

*SET_DISCRETE_ADD

*SET_MULTI-MATERIAL_GROUP_LIST

*SET_NODE_{OPTION}

*SET_NODE_ADD_{OPTION}

*SET_PART_{OPTION}

*SET_PART_ADD

*SET_SEGMENT_{OPTION}

*SET_2D_SEGMENT _{OPTION}

*SET_SHELL_{OPTION}

*SET_SHELL_ADD

*SET_SOLID_{OPTION}

*SET_SOLID_ADD

*SET_TSHELL_{OPTION}

*TERMINATION

*TERMINATION_BODY

*TERMINATION_CONTACT

*TERMINATION_CURVE

*TERMINATION_DELETED_SHELLS_{OPTION}

*TERMINATION_NODE

*TITLE

*USER

*USER_LOADING

*RESTART INPUT DATA

*CHANGE_OPTION

BOUNDARY_CONDITION

CONTACT_SMALL_PENETRATION

CURVE_DEFINITION

RIGID_BODY_CONSTRAINT

RIGID_BODY_INERTIA

RIGID_BODY_STOPPER

STATUS_REPORT_FREQUENCY

THERMAL_PARAMETERS

VELOCITY_NODE and VELOCITY_NODE_ONLY

VELOCITY and VELOCITY_ONLY

VELOCITY_RIGID_BODY

*CONTROL_DYNAMIC_RELAXATION

*CONTROL_SHELL

*CONTROL_TERMINATION

*CONTROL_TIMESTEP

*DAMPING_GLOBAL

*DATABASE_OPTION

*DATABASE_BINARY_OPTION

*DELETE_OPTION

*INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK

*RIGID_DEFORMABLE_OPTION

*RIGID_DEFORMABLE_CONTROL

*RIGID_DEFORMABLE_D2R

*RIGID_DEFORMABLE_R2D

*STRESS_INITIALIZATION_{OPTION}

*STRESS_INITIALIZATION_DISCRETE

*STRESS_INITIALIZATION_SEATBELT

*TERMINATION_OPTION

*TITLE

References

Appendices

APPENDIX A: User Defined Materials

APPENDIX B: User Defined Equation of State

APPENDIX C: User Defined Element Interface for Solids and Shells

APPENDIX D: User Defined Airbag Sensor

APPENDIX E: User Defined Solution Control

APPENDIX F: User Defined Interface Control

APPENDIX G: User Defined Interface Friction

APPENDIX H: User Defined Thermal Material Model

APPENDIX I: Occupant Simulation Including the Coupling to Programs CAL3D and MADYMO

INTRODUCTION

THE LS-DYNA/OCCUPANT SIMULATION PROGRAM LINK

DUMMY MODELING

AIRBAG MODELING

KNEE BOLSTER

COMMON ERRORS

APPENDIX J: Interactive Graphics Commands

APPENDIX K: Interactive Material Model Driver

APPENDIX L: VDA Database

APPENDIX M: Commands for Two-Dimensional Rezoning

APPENDIX N: Rigid Body Dummies

APPENDIX O: LS-DYNA MPP User Guide

APPENDIX P: Implicit Solver

APPENDIX Q: User Defined Weld Failure

APPENDIX R: User Defined Cohesive Model

APPENDIX S: User Defined Boundary Flux

**** Volume II (Material Models) ****

Table of Contents

*MAT

MATERIAL MODEL REFERENCE TABLES

*MAT_ADD_EROSION

*MAT_ADD_THERMAL_EXPANSION

*MAT_NONLOCAL

*MAT_001 ( *MAT_ELASTIC_{OPTION})

*MAT_002 (*MAT_OPTION TROPIC_ELASTIC)

*MAT_003 (*MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC)

*MAT_004 (*MAT_ELASTIC_PLASTIC_THERMAL)

*MAT_005 (*MAT_SOIL_AND_FOAM)

*MAT_006 (*MAT_VISCOELASTIC)

*MAT_007 (*MAT_BLATZ-KO_RUBBER)

*MAT_008 (*MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN)

*MAT_009 (*MAT_NULL)

*MAT_010 (*MAT_ELASTIC_PLASTIC_HYDRO_{OPTION}

*MAT_011 (*MAT_STEINBERG)

*MAT_011_LUND (*MAT_STEINBERG_LUND)

*MAT_012 (*MAT_ISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC)

*MAT_013 (*MAT_ISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_FAILURE)

*MAT_014 (*MAT_SOIL_AND_FOAM_FAILURE)

*MAT_015 (*MAT_JOHNSON_COOK)

*MAT_016 (*MAT_PSEUDO_TENSOR)

*MAT_017 (*MAT_ORIENTED_CRACK)

*MAT_018 (*MAT_POWER_LAW_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_019 (*MAT_STRAIN_RATE_DEPENDENT_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_020 (*MAT_RIGID)

*MAT_021 (*MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_THERMAL)

*MAT_022 (*MAT_COMPOSITE_DAMAGE)

*MAT_023 (*MAT_TEMPERATURE_DEPENDENT_ORTHOTROPIC)

*MAT_024 (*MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_025 (*MAT_GEOLOGIC_CAP_MODEL)

*MAT_026 (*MAT_HONEYCOMB)

*MAT_027 (*MAT_MOONEY-RIVLIN_RUBBER)

*MAT_028 (*MAT_RESULTANT_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_029 (*MAT_FORCE_LIMITED)

*MAT_030 (*MAT_SHAPE_MEMORY)

*MAT_031 (*MAT_FRAZER_NASH_RUBBER_MODEL)

*MAT_032 (*MAT_LAMINATED_GLASS)

*MAT_033 (*MAT_BARLAT_ANISOTROPIC_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_033_96 (*MAT_BARLAT_YLD96)

*MAT_034 (*MAT_FABRIC)

*MAT_035 (*MAT_PLASTIC_GREEN-NAGHDI_RATE)

*MAT_036 (*MAT_3-PARAMETER_BARLAT)

*MAT_037 (*MAT_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC_{OPTION})

*MAT_038 (*MAT_BLATZ-KO_FOAM)

*MAT_039 (*MAT_FLD_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC)

*MAT_040 (*MAT_NONLINEAR_ORTHOTROPIC)

*MAT_041_050 (*MAT_USER_DEFINED_MATERIAL_MODELS)

*MAT_051 (*MAT_BAMMAN)

*MAT_052 (*MAT_BAMMAN_DAMAGE)

*MAT_053 (*MAT_CLOSED_CELL_FOAM)

*MAT_054-055 (*MAT_ENHANCED_COMPOSITE_DAMAGE)

*MAT_057 (*MAT_LOW_DENSITY_FOAM)

*MAT_058 (*MAT_LAMINATED_COMPOSITE_FABRIC)

*MAT_059 (*MAT_COMPOSITE_FAILURE_OPTION_MODEL)

*MAT_060 (*MAT_ELASTIC_WITH_VISCOSITY)

*MAT_060C (*MAT_ELASTIC_WITH_VISCOSITY_CURVE)

*MAT_061 (*MAT_KELVIN-MAXWELL_VISCOELASTIC)

*MAT_062 (*MAT_VISCOUS_FOAM)

*MAT_063 (*MAT_CRUSHABLE_FOAM)

*MAT_064 (*MAT_RATE_SENSITIVE_POWERLAW_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_065 (*MAT_MODIFIED_ZERILLI_ARMSTRONG)

*MAT_066 (*MAT_LINEAR_ELASTIC_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_067 (*MAT_NONLINEAR_ELASTIC_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_068 (*MAT_NONLINEAR_PLASTIC_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_069 (*MAT_SID_DAMPER_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_070 (*MAT_HYDRAULIC_GAS_DAMPER_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_071 (*MAT_CABLE_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_072 (*MAT_CONCRETE_DAMAGE)

*MAT_072R3 (*MAT_CONCRETE_DAMAGE_REL3)

*MAT_073 (*MAT_LOW_DENSITY_VISCOUS_FOAM)

*MAT_074 (*MAT_ELASTIC_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_075 (*MAT_BILKHU/DUBOIS_FOAM)

*MAT_076 (*MAT_GENERAL_VISCOELASTIC)

*MAT_077_H (*MAT_HYPERELASTIC_RUBBER)

*MAT_077_O (*MAT_OGDEN_RUBBER)

*MAT_078 (*MAT_SOIL_CONCRETE)

*MAT_079 (*MAT_HYSTERETIC_SOIL)

*MAT_080 (*MAT_RAMBERG-OSGOOD)

*MAT_081-082 (*MAT_PLASTICITY_WITH_DAMAGE_{OPTION})

*MAT_083 (*MAT_FU_CHANG_FOAM)

*MAT_084-085 (*MAT_WINFRITH_CONCRETE)

*MAT_084 (*MAT_WINFRITH_CONCRETE_REINFORCEMENT)

*MAT_086 (*MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_VISCOELASTIC)

*MAT_087 (*MAT_CELLULAR_RUBBER)

*MAT_088 (*MAT_MTS)

*MAT_089 (*MAT_PLASTICITY_POLYMER)

*MAT_090 (*MAT_ACOUSTIC)

*MAT_091 (*MAT_SOFT_TISSUE_{OPTION})

*MAT_093 (*MAT_ELASTIC_6DOF_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_094 (*MAT_INELASTIC_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_095 (*MAT_INELASTIC_6DOF_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_096 (*MAT_BRITTLE_DAMAGE)

*MAT_097 (*MAT_GENERAL_JOINT_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_098 (*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK)

*MAT_099 (*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK_ORTHOTROPIC_DAMAGE)

*MAT_100 (*MAT_SPOTWELD_{OPTION})

*MAT_100_DA (*MAT_SPOTWELD_DAIMLERCHRYSLER)

*MAT_101 (*MAT_GEPLASTIC_SRATE_2000a)

*MAT_102 (*MAT_INV_HYPERBOLIC_SIN)

*MAT_103 (*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_VISCOPLASTIC)

*MAT_103_P (*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_PLASTIC)

*MAT_104 (*MAT_DAMAGE_1)

*MAT_105 (*MAT_DAMAGE_2)

*MAT_106 (*MAT_ELASTIC_VISCOPLASTIC_THERMAL)

*MAT_107 (*MAT_MODIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK)

*MAT_108 (*MAT_ORTHO_ELASTIC_PLASTIC)

*MAT_110 (*MAT_JOHNSON_HOLMQUIST_CERAMICS)

*MAT_111 (*MAT_JOHNSON_HOLMQUIST_CONCRETE)

*MAT_112 (*MAT_FINITE_ELASTIC_STRAIN_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_113 (*MAT_TRIP)

*MAT_114 (*MAT_LAYERED_LINEAR_PLASTICITY)

*MAT_115 (*MAT_UNIFIED_CREEP)

*MAT_116 (*MAT_COMPOSITE_LAYUP)

*MAT_117 (*MAT_COMPOSITE_MATRIX)

*MAT_118 (*MAT_COMPOSITE_DIRECT)

*MAT_119 (*MAT_GENERAL_NONLINEAR_6DOF_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_120 (*MAT_GURSON)

*MAT_120_JC (*MAT_GURSON_JC)

*MAT_120_RCDC (*MAT_GURSON_RCDC)

*MAT_121 (*MAT_GENERAL_NONLINEAR_1DOF_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_122 (*MAT_HILL_3R)

*MAT_123 (*MAT_MODIFIED_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY_{OPTION})

*MAT_124 (*MAT_PLASTICITY_COMPRESSION_TENSION)

*MAT_125 (*MAT_KINEMATIC_HARDENING_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC)

*MAT_126 (*MAT_MODIFIED_HONEYCOMB)

*MAT_127 (*MAT_ARRUDA_BOYCE_RUBBER)

*MAT_128 (*MAT_HEART_TISSUE)

*MAT_129 (*MAT_LUNG_TISSUE)

*MAT_130 (*MAT_SPECIAL_ORTHOTROPIC)

*MAT_131 (*MAT_ISOTROPIC_SMEARED_CRACK)

*MAT_132 (*MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_SMEARED_CRACK)

*MAT_133 (*MAT_BARLAT_YLD2000)

*MAT_135 (*MAT_WTM_STM)

*MAT_135_PLC (*MAT_WTM_STM_PLC)

*MAT_136 (*MAT_CORUS_VEGTER)

*MAT_138 (*MAT_COHESIVE_MIXED_MODE)

*MAT_139 (*MAT_MODIFIED_FORCE_LIMITED)

*MAT_140 (*MAT_VACUUM)

*MAT_141 (*MAT_RATE_SENSITIVE_POLYMER)

*MAT_142 (*MAT_TRANSVERSELY_ISOTROPIC_CRUSHABLE_FOAM)

*MAT_143 (*MAT_WOOD_{OPTION})

*MAT_144 (*MAT_PITZER_CRUSHABLE_FOAM)

*MAT_145 (*MAT_SCHWER_MURRAY_CAP_MODEL)

*MAT_146 (*MAT_1DOF_GENERALIZED_SPRING)

*MAT_147 (*MAT_FHWA_SOIL)

*MAT_147_N (*MAT_FHWA_SOIL_NEBRASKA)

*MAT_148 (*MAT_GAS_MIXTURE)

*MAT_151 (*MAT_EMMI)

*MAT_153 (*MAT_DAMAGE_3)

*MAT_154 (*MAT_DESHPANDE_FLECK_FOAM)

*MAT_155 (*MAT_PLASTICITY_COMPRESSION_TENSION_EOS)

*MAT_156 (*MAT_MUSCLE)

*MAT_157 (*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC)

*MAT_158 (*MAT_RATE_SENSITIVE_COMPOSITE_FABRIC)

*MAT_159 (*MAT_CSCM _{OPTION})

*MAT_161,MAT_162 (*MAT_COMPOSITE_MSC_{OPTION})

*MAT_163 (*MAT_MODIFIED_CRUSHABLE_FOAM)

*MAT_164 (*MAT_BRAIN_LINEAR_VISCOELASTIC)

*MAT_165 (*MAT_PLASTIC_NONLINEAR_KINEMATIC)

*MAT_166 (*MAT_MOMENT_CURVATURE_BEAM)

*MAT_167 (*MAT_MCCORMICK)

*MAT_168 (*MAT_POLYMER)

*MAT_169 (*MAT_ARUP_ADHESIVE)

*MAT_170 (*MAT_RESULTANT_ANISOTROPIC)

*MAT_171 (*MAT_STEEL_CONCENTRIC_BRACE)

*MAT_172 (*MAT_CONCRETE_EC2)

*MAT_173 (*MAT_MOHR_COULOMB)

*MAT_174 (*MAT_RC_BEAM)

*MAT_175 (*MAT_VISCOELASTIC_THERMAL)

*MAT_176 (*MAT_QUASILINEAR_VISCOELASTIC)

*MAT_177 (*MAT_HILL_FOAM)

*MAT_178 (*MAT_VISCOELASTIC_HILL_FOAM)

*MAT_179 (*MAT_LOW_DENSITY_SYNTHETIC_FOAM_{OPTION})

*MAT_181 (*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_RUBBER/FOAM_{OPTION})

*MAT_183 (*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_RUBBER_WITH_DAMAGE)

*MAT_184 (*MAT_COHESIVE_ELASTIC)

*MAT_185 (*MAT_COHESIVE_TH)

*MAT_186 (*MAT_COHESIVE_GENERAL)

*MAT_187 (*MAT_SAMP-1)

*MAT_188 (*MAT_THERMO_ELASTO_VISCOPLASTIC_CREEP)

*MAT_189 (*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_THERMOELASTIC)

*MAT_190 (*MAT_FLD_3-PARAMETER_BARLAT)

*MAT_191 (*MAT_SEISMIC_BEAM)

*MAT_192 (*MAT_SOIL_BRICK)

*MAT_193 (*MAT_DRUCKER_PRAGER)

*MAT_194 (*MAT_RC_SHEAR_WALL)

*MAT_195 (*MAT_CONCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_196 (*MAT_GENERAL_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM)

*MAT_197 (*MAT_SEISMIC_ISOLATOR)

*MAT_198 (*MAT_JOINTED_ROCK)

*MAT_ALE_01 (*MAT_ALE_VACUUM)

*MAT_ALE_02 (*MAT_ALE_VISCOUS)

*MAT_ALE_03 *MAT_ALE_GAS_MIXTURE)

*MAT_S01 (*MAT_SPRING_ELASTIC)

*MAT_S02 (*MAT_DAMPER_VISCOUS)

*MAT_S03 (*MAT_SPRING_ELASTOPLASTIC)

*MAT_S04 (*MAT_SPRING_NONLINEAR_ELASTIC)

*MAT_S05 (*MAT_DAMPER_NONLINEAR_VISCOUS)

*MAT_S06 (*MAT_SPRING_GENERAL_NONLINEAR)

*MAT_S07 (*MAT_SPRING_MAXWELL)

*MAT_S08 (*MAT_SPRING_INELASTIC)

*MAT_S13 (*MAT_SPRING_TRILINEAR_DEGRADING)

*MAT_S14 (*MAT_SPRING_SQUAT_SHEARWALL)

*MAT_S15 (*MAT_SPRING_MUSCLE)

*MAT_B01 (*MAT_SEATBELT)

*MAT_THERMAL_OPTION

*MAT_T01 (*MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC)

*MAT_T02 (*MAT_THERMAL_ORTHOTROPIC)

*MAT_T03 (*MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC_TD)

*MAT_T04 (*MAT_THERMAL_ORTHOTROPIC_TD)

*MAT_T05 (*MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC_PHASE_CHANGE)

*MAT_T06 (*MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC_TD_LC)

*MAT_T11 (*MAT_THERMAL_USER_DEFINED)

LS-DYNA® KEYWORD USER'S MANUAL VOLUME I May 2007 Version 971 LIVERMORE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION (LSTC)

Corporate Address Livermore Software Technology Corporation P. O. Box 712 Livermore, California 94551-0712 Support Addresses Livermore Software Technology Corporation 7374 Las Positas Road Livermore, California 94551 Tel: 925-449-2500 ♦ Fax: 925-449-2507 Email: sales@lstc.com Website: www.lstc.com Livermore Software Technology Corporation 1740 West Big Beaver Road Suite 100 Troy, Michigan 48084 Tel: 248-649-4728 ♦ Fax: 248-649-6328 Disclaimer Copyright © 1992-2007 Livermore Software Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LS-DYNA®, LS-OPT® and LS-PrePost® are registered trademarks of Livermore Software Technology Corporation in the United States. All other trademarks, product names and brand names belong to their respective owners. LSTC reserves the right to modify the material contained within this manual without prior notice. The information and examples included herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be exhaustive or all-inclusive. LSTC assumes no liability or responsibility whatsoever for any direct of indirect damages or inaccuracies of any type or nature that could be deemed to have resulted from the use of this manual. Any reproduction, in whole or in part, of this manual is prohibited without the prior written approval of LSTC. All requests to reproduce the contents hereof should be sent to sales@lstc.com. ISBN 0-9778540-2-7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- AES Copyright © 2001, Dr Brian Gladman , Worcester, UK. All rights reserved. LICENSE TERMS The free distribution and use of this software in both source and binary form is allowed (with or without changes) provided that: 1. distributions of this source code include the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer; 2. distributions in binary form include the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other associated materials; 3. the copyright holder's name is not used to endorse products built using this software without specific written permission. DISCLAIMER This software is provided 'as is' with no explicit or implied warranties in respect of any properties, including, but not limited to, correctness and fitness for purpose. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issue Date: 21/01/2002 This file contains the code for implementing the key schedule for AES (Rijndael) for block and key sizes of 16, 24, and 32 bytes.

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... I.1 CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY ....................................................................................................I.1 MATERIAL MODELS.................................................................................................................I.21 SPATIAL DISCRETIZATION ....................................................................................................I.22 CONTACT-IMPACT INTERFACES ..........................................................................................I.26 INTERFACE DEFINITIONS FOR COMPONENT ANALYSIS ................................................I.27 CAPACITY...................................................................................................................................I.27 PRECISION..................................................................................................................................I.27 GETTING STARTED.............................................................................................................................GS.1 DESCRIPTION OF KEYWORD INPUT ..................................................................................GS.1 SUMMARY OF COMMONLY USED OPTIONS ....................................................................GS.9 EXECUTION SYNTAX...........................................................................................................GS.10 SENSE SWITCH CONTROLS ................................................................................................GS.12 PROCEDURE FOR LS-DYNA/MPP..............................................................................GS.13 FILES: INPUT AND OUTPUT ..............................................................................................GS.14 RESTART ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................GS.16 VDA/IGES DATABASES........................................................................................................GS.17 LS-PrePost® ..............................................................................................................................GS.18 EXECUTION SPEEDS ............................................................................................................GS.20 UNITS.......................................................................................................................................GS.21 GENERAL CARD FORMAT...................................................................................................GS.21 *AIRBAG....................................................................................................................................................1.1 *AIRBAG_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}..................................................1.2 SIMPLE_PRESSURE_VOLUME........................................................................................1.8 SIMPLE_AIRBAG_MODEL ...............................................................................................1.9 ADIABATIC_GAS_MODEL.............................................................................................1.11 WANG_NEFSKE ...............................................................................................................1.13 LOAD_CURVE ..................................................................................................................1.28 LINEAR_FLUID ................................................................................................................1.29 HYBRID .............................................................................................................................1.31 HYBRID_CHEMKIN.........................................................................................................1.38 *AIRBAG_ADVANCED_ALE...................................................................................................1.43 *AIRBAG_ALE...........................................................................................................................1.51 *AIRBAG_INTERACTION........................................................................................................1.65 LS-DYNA Version 971 iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS *AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}............................................1.67 *AIRBAG_SHELL_REFERENCE_GEOMETERY ...................................................................1.69 *ALE............................................................................................................................................................2.1 *ALE_FSI_PROJECTION ............................................................................................................2.2 *ALE_FSI_SWITCH_MMG_{OPTION} .....................................................................................2.5 *ALE_MULTI-MATERIAL_GROUP ..........................................................................................2.9 *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CURVE ..................................................................................2.13 *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_GROUP ..................................................................................2.15 *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_NODE.....................................................................................2.22 *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_SWITCH.................................................................................2.24 *ALE_SMOOTHING ..................................................................................................................2.26 *ALE_TANK_TEST ...................................................................................................................2.27 *ALE_UP_SWITCH....................................................................................................................2.31 *BOUNDARY.............................................................................................................................................3.1 *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING....................................................................................3.2 *BOUNDARY_AMBIENT_EOS..................................................................................................3.3 *BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_OPTION ...................................................................................3.5 *BOUNDARY_CYCLIC...............................................................................................................3.7 *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_OPTION .......................................................................3.9 *BOUNDARY_FLUX_OPTION.................................................................................................3.23 *BOUNDARY_MCOL................................................................................................................3.26 *BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING.........................................................................................3.28 *BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D..................................................................................3.30 *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ACCELEROMETER_RIGID ..................................................3.32 *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_OPTION1_(OPTION2}..........................................3.34 *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_OPTION .........................................3.39 *BOUNDARY_PRESSURE_OUTFLOW_OPTION ..................................................................3.44 *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_OPTION1_{OPTION2}.............................................................3.45 *BOUNDARY_SLIDING_PLANE.............................................................................................3.53 *BOUNDARY_SPC_OPTION1_{OPTION2}............................................................................3.54 *BOUNDARY_SPH_FLOW.......................................................................................................3.56 *BOUNDARY_SPH_SYMMETRY_PLANE.............................................................................3.58 *BOUNDARY_SYMMETRY_FAILURE ..................................................................................3.59 *BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_OPTION ..............................................................................3.60 *BOUNDARY_THERMAL_WELD...........................................................................................3.61 *BOUNDARY_USA_SURFACE................................................................................................3.64 iv LS-DYNA Version 971

TABLE OF CONTENTS *CASE .........................................................................................................................................................4.1 *CASE_{OPTION} .......................................................................................................................4.1 *COMPONENT .........................................................................................................................................5.1 *COMPONENT_GEBOD_OPTION.............................................................................................5.2 *COMPONENT_GEBOD_JOINT_OPTION................................................................................5.4 *COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII .......................................................................................................5.8 *COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII_JOINT_OPTION ........................................................................5.10 *CONSTRAINED ......................................................................................................................................6.1 *CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY ...............................................................................................6.2 *CONSTRAINED_BUTT_WELD................................................................................................6.3 *CONSTRAINED_EULER_IN_EULER......................................................................................6.6 *CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES_OPTION...........................................................................6.8 *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_OPTION_{OPTION} ........................................6.10 *CONSTRAINED_GLOBAL......................................................................................................6.23 *CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_{OPTION}..................................................................6.25 *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_OPTION_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}..............................6.30 *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_OPTION ....................................................................6.42 *CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID_{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}................................6.55 *CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_GLOBAL .....................................................................................6.71 *CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_LOCAL ........................................................................................6.74 *CONSTRAINED_LOCAL ........................................................................................................6.76 *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION} .................6.78 *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET_{OPTION} .............................................................................6.86 *CONSTRAINED_POINTS........................................................................................................6.89 *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES ..........................................................................................6.91 *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY_STOPPERS ........................................................................6.93 *CONSTRAINED_RIVET_{OPTION}......................................................................................6.96 *CONSTRAINED_SHELL_TO_SOLID ....................................................................................6.98 *CONSTRAINED_SPLINE ......................................................................................................6.100 *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD_{OPTION}_{OPTION} ......................................................6.102 *CONSTRAINED_TIE-BREAK...............................................................................................6.106 *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE.........................................................................6.107 *CONTACT................................................................................................................................................7.1 *CONTACT_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}_{OPTION5} ........................7.2 *CONTACT_AUTO_MOVE ......................................................................................................7.51 *CONTACT_COUPLING...........................................................................................................7.52 LS-DYNA Version 971 v

TABLE OF CONTENTS *CONTACT_ENTITY.................................................................................................................7.54 *CONTACT_GEBOD_OPTION .................................................................................................7.63 *CONTACT_GUIDED_CABLE_{ OPTION1}_{OPTION2}....................................................7.66 *CONTACT_INTERIOR ............................................................................................................7.68 *CONTACT_RIGID_SURFACE ................................................................................................7.70 *CONTACT_1D ..........................................................................................................................7.74 *CONTACT_2D_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}............................................................7.75 *CONTROL................................................................................................................................................8.1 *CONTROL_ACCURACY ...........................................................................................................8.4 *CONTROL_ADAPSTEP .............................................................................................................8.6 *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE .............................................................................................................8.7 *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE_CURVE............................................................................................8.14 *CONTROL_ALE .......................................................................................................................8.15 *CONTROL_BULK_VISCOSITY..............................................................................................8.19 *CONTROL_CHECK_{OPTION}..............................................................................................8.20 *CONTROL_COARSEN.............................................................................................................8.22 *CONTROL_CONTACT ............................................................................................................8.24 *CONTROL_COUPLING ...........................................................................................................8.32 *CONTROL_CPU .......................................................................................................................8.34 *CONTROL_DYNAMIC_RELAXATION.................................................................................8.35 *CONTROL_EFG........................................................................................................................8.38 *CONTROL_ENERGY...............................................................................................................8.40 *CONTROL_EXPLOSIVE_SHADOW ......................................................................................8.41 *CONTROL_FORMING_POSITION.........................................................................................8.42 *CONTROL_FORMING_PROJECTION...................................................................................8.43 *CONTROL_FORMING_TEMPLATE ......................................................................................8.44 *CONTROL_FORMING_TRAVEL ...........................................................................................8.50 *CONTROL_FORMING_USER.................................................................................................8.51 *CONTROL_HOURGLASS_{OPTION} ...................................................................................8.54 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_AUTO.................................................................................................8.56 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_BUCKLE ...........................................................................................8.59 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_DYNAMICS.......................................................................................8.60 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_EIGENVALUE...................................................................................8.63 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_GENERAL .........................................................................................8.66 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_INERTIA_RELIEF.............................................................................8.69 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_JOINTS ..............................................................................................8.70 vi LS-DYNA Version 971

TABLE OF CONTENTS *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODES..............................................................................................8.71 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLUTION........................................................................................8.73 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLVER ............................................................................................8.80 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_STABILIZATION..............................................................................8.84 *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_TERMINATION................................................................................8.86 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_AUTOMATIC...........................................................8.87 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CHECK_SPEED.......................................................8.88 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CONTACT_DISTRIBUTE ......................................8.89 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CONTACT_ISOLATE .............................................8.90 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_FILE ..........................................................................8.91 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_METHOD .................................................................8.92 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_NUMPROC...............................................................8.93 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_SHOW.......................................................................8.94 *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_TRANSFORMATION..............................................8.95 *CONTROL_MPP_IO_NOD3DUMP ........................................................................................8.97 *CONTROL_MPP_IO_NODUMP .............................................................................................8.98 *CONTROL_MPP_IO_NOFULL ...............................................................................................8.99 *CONTROL_MPP_IO_SWAPBYTES.....................................................................................8.100 *CONTROL_NONLOCAL .......................................................................................................8.101 *CONTROL_OUTPUT .............................................................................................................8.102 *CONTROL_PARALLEL.........................................................................................................8.105 *CONTROL_REMESHING......................................................................................................8.107 *CONTROL_RIGID..................................................................................................................8.108 *CONTROL_SHELL ................................................................................................................8.110 *CONTROL_SOLID .................................................................................................................8.116 *CONTROL_SOLUTION.........................................................................................................8.118 *CONTROL_SPH .....................................................................................................................8.119 *CONTROL_SPOTWELD_BEAM ..........................................................................................8.121 *CONTROL_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION ............................................................................8.124 *CONTROL_STRUCTURED_{OPTION}...............................................................................8.126 *CONTROL_SUBCYCLE ........................................................................................................8.127 *CONTROL_TERMINATION .................................................................................................8.128 *CONTROL_THERMAL_NONLINEAR.................................................................................8.129 *CONTROL_THERMAL_SOLVER ........................................................................................8.130 *CONTROL_THERMAL_TIMESTEP.....................................................................................8.133 *CONTROL_TIMESTEP..........................................................................................................8.134 LS-DYNA Version 971 vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS *DAMPING ................................................................................................................................................9.1 *DAMPING_FREQUENCY_RANGE..........................................................................................9.2 *DAMPING_GLOBAL .................................................................................................................9.4 *DAMPING_PART_MASS ..........................................................................................................9.6 *DAMPING_PART_STIFFNESS .................................................................................................9.8 *DAMPING_RELATIVE............................................................................................................9.10 *DATABASE ............................................................................................................................................10.1 *DATABASE_OPTION ..............................................................................................................10.2 *DATABASE_ADAMS ..............................................................................................................10.8 *DATABASE_BINARY_OPTION .............................................................................................10.9 *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_OPTION1_{OPTION2} ...................................................10.13 *DATABASE_EXTENT_OPTION...........................................................................................10.17 *DATABASE_FORMAT ..........................................................................................................10.27 *DATABASE_FSI.....................................................................................................................10.28 *DATABASE_FSI_SENSOR....................................................................................................10.32 *DATABASE_HISTORY_OPTION .........................................................................................10.34 *DATABASE_NODAL_FORCE_GROUP...............................................................................10.38 *DATABASE_SPRING_FORWARD.......................................................................................10.39 *DATABASE_SUPERPLASTIC_FORMING ..........................................................................10.40 *DATABASE_TRACER ...........................................................................................................10.41 *DEFINE...................................................................................................................................................11.1 *DEFINE_ALEBAG_BAG .........................................................................................................11.3 *DEFINE_ALEBAG_HOLE .......................................................................................................11.8 *DEFINE_ALEBAG_INFLATOR ............................................................................................11.10 *DEFINE_BOX .........................................................................................................................11.13 *DEFINE_BOX_ADAPTIVE ...................................................................................................11.14 *DEFINE_BOX_COARSEN.....................................................................................................11.15 *DEFINE_BOX_DRAWBEAD ................................................................................................11.16 *DEFINE_BOX_SPH................................................................................................................11.18 *DEFINE_CONNECTION_PROPERTIES_{OPTION} ..........................................................11.20 *DEFINE_CONSTRUCTION_STAGES ..................................................................................11.26 *DEFINE_CONTACT_VOLUME ............................................................................................11.27 *DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODES.........................................................................................11.30 *DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM ......................................................................................11.32 *DEFINE_COORDINATE_VECTOR ......................................................................................11.34 *DEFINE_CURVE_{OPTION} ................................................................................................11.36 viii LS-DYNA Version 971

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