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清华尹成C语言从菜鸟到高手.pdf
第1篇C语言第一阶段.................................................................................................................131.1C语言第一阶段--语言课程概述.......................................................................................131.1.1什么是语言，什么是C语言.................................................................................131.1.2基本常识.................................................................................................................141.1.3人与计算机之间的更好的交互。.........................................................................151.1.4自然交互界面..........................................................................................................171.1.5语言与C语言的区别联系.....................................................................................181.1.6计算机结构组成......................................................................................................191.1.7二进制的概念.........................................................................................................201.1.8程序与指令..............................................................................................................201.1.9机器语言与指令......................................................................................................201.1.10编译器的概念.......................................................................................................211.1.11C语言的出现........................................................................................................221.1.12语言的层次划分....................................................................................................231.1.13主流语言进化史...................................................................................................231.1.14C语言特点.............................................................................................................241.2为什么要学习C语言................................................................................................24第2篇C语言跨平台HelloWorld.................................................................................................272.1C语言环境简介..................................................................................................................272.2人机交互............................................................................................................................362..2.1人机交互.................................................................................................................362.2.2HelloWorld代码概貌...............................................................................................402.3代码盖帽和新建项目.........................................................................................................412.4C语言Windows下命令行编程.........................................................................................462.5C语言Windows下弹窗显示helloworld..........................................................................942.6头文件源文件以及include包含指令.............................................................................1002.7MFCsystem........................................................................................................................1072.7.1MFCsystem图形化显示cmd...............................................................................1072.7.2WindowsHelloworld..............................................................................................1142.8UNIXMAC执行C语言命令..........................................................................................1212.8.1MACUNIXmac简单了解CMD................................................................1212.8.2QT安装..........................................................................................................1252.8.3QTiossystem....................................................................................................1312.8.4MACios跨平台执行C语言命令................................................................1342.9linuxCMD.........................................................................................................................141redhat安装和hellowprld代码以及编译运行..............................................................1412.9.2linux下简单了解CMD.......................................................................................1502.10Androidhello....................................................................................................................1522.10.1Android中QT运行helloworld..........................................................................1522.10.2Android中利用eclipse运行helloworld.............................................................1582.10.3Androidsystem.....................................................................................................1642.11C语言编程流程..............................................................................................................1662.12初学者疑难解答以及习题.............................................................................................1722.12.1初学者疑难解答以及习题..................................................................................172
2.12.2systerm函数.........................................................................................................1742.12.3复习helloworld和systerm函数........................................................................179第3篇C语言数据类型_运算符与表达式.................................................................................1853.1转义字符...........................................................................................................................1853.2什么是变量与常量...........................................................................................................1873.2.1常量与变量概念....................................................................................................1873.2.2变量的内存机制....................................................................................................1893.2.3变量命名的规则....................................................................................................1903.3.4变量定义以及为什么要初始化...........................................................................1933.2.5define定义常量......................................................................................................1953.2.6常量变量的习题....................................................................................................1993.2.7定义常量变量实现案例--易语言.......................................................................2023.2.8变量在内存的字节顺序........................................................................................2063.2.9全局变量声明与定义的差别...............................................................................2093.3基本数据类型...................................................................................................................2103.3.1变量的数据类型....................................................................................................2103.3.2数据类型................................................................................................................2153.3.3原码反码补码........................................................................................................2183.3.4整型常量................................................................................................................2233.3.5整型变量................................................................................................................2243.3.6浮点型数据类型....................................................................................................2263.3.7浮点型数据类型—三角形....................................................................................2293.3.8字符常量与变量....................................................................................................2303.3.9ASCII码输出所有可见字符...............................................................................2373.3.10ASCII码特例.......................................................................................................2383.3.11字符大小写转换..................................................................................................2403.3.12基本数据类型总结..............................................................................................2423.3.13回顾变量声明......................................................................................................2433.3.14类型自动转换......................................................................................................2473.3.15类型转化1...........................................................................................................2503.3.16类型转换2...........................................................................................................2523.3.17练习......................................................................................................................2563.3.18charshort类型提升.............................................................................................2583.3.19补充跨平台移植的整数.....................................................................................2613.3.20数据类型补充_bool形数据...............................................................................2653.3.21浮点数据的误差.................................................................................................2683.3.22整数的深入应用.................................................................................................2743.3.23floatdouble深化之内存原理.............................................................................2753.3.24整数的讲解..........................................................................................................2753.3.25数据类型转化银行偷钱示例money...............................................................2783.3.26auto自动变量.......................................................................................................2803.3.27longlong与longdouble........................................................................................2833.3.28宽字符本地化.....................................................................................................2853.3.29宽字符问题.........................................................................................................287
3.4基本运算符与表达式.......................................................................................................2913.4.1运算符表达式操作数............................................................................................2913.4.2运算符....................................................................................................................2923.4.3算数表达式............................................................................................................2953.4.4整数与算术运算符赋值运算符...........................................................................3003.4.5自增自减运算符....................................................................................................3013.4.6赋值运算符以及表达式嵌套...............................................................................3023.4.7逗号运算符与表达式............................................................................................3053.4.8关系运算符............................................................................................................3063.4.9逻辑运算符1.........................................................................................................3113.4.10条件运算符2.......................................................................................................3183.4.11条件运算符代码实用........................................................................................3203.4.12三目运算符自动数据类型转换.........................................................................3223.4.13左值与程序实体..................................................................................................3253.4.14运算符优先级与结合性......................................................................................3293.4.15练习......................................................................................................................3333.4.16条件运算符严格逻辑与信息安全...................................................................3363.4.17左值与右值引用.................................................................................................3373.4.18计算表达式_实现加减法....................................................................................3393.4.19计算表达式_实现乘除法....................................................................................3403.5数据如何输入与输出.......................................................................................................3413.5.1数据的输入与输出................................................................................................3413.5.2格式说明................................................................................................................3483.5.3d%格式字符...........................................................................................................3503.5.4无符号八进制十进制十六进制格式符...............................................................3523.5.5输出不同的类型的整数代码.............................................................................3563.5.6C格式符.................................................................................................................3613.5.7s格式符..................................................................................................................3623.5.8f格式符..................................................................................................................3643.5.9printf说明...............................................................................................................3683.5.10printf动态控制星号格式符.................................................................................3723.5.11printf格式符空白符作用.....................................................................................3743.5.12printf井号格式符控制.........................................................................................3743.5.13printf类型匹配问题.............................................................................................3763.5.14printf输出加号表示正数.....................................................................................3783.5.15putcharputs...........................................................................................................3803.5.16scanf简单分析.....................................................................................................3833.5.17scanf初始化浮点型数据.....................................................................................3863.5.18scanf函数格式字符.............................................................................................3903.5.19字符输入函数getchargets.................................................................................3933.5.20scanf扫描集合.....................................................................................................3943.5.21练习......................................................................................................................3953.5.22统计输入输出字符数量百分号.........................................................................3963.5.23百分号i输入输出...............................................................................................405
3.5.24按照十六进制指数输出数据.............................................................................4073.5.25乌班图下的输入输出..........................................................................................4113.5.26数据类型附加格式符小结..................................................................................4153.5.27scanf格式控制深入.............................................................................................4173.6初学者的疑难解答...........................................................................................................419第4篇C语言逻辑流程...............................................................................................................4224.1程序的最小单元-语句....................................................................................................4224.1.1预览........................................................................................................................4224.1.2语句详细讲解........................................................................................................4234.2结构化程序设计的三种结构..........................................................................................4244.2.1结构化程序设计....................................................................................................4244.2.2结构化程序设计结合实际讲解...........................................................................4264.3顺序结构..........................................................................................................................4304.4选择结构...........................................................................................................................4324.4.1分支结构................................................................................................................4324.4.2if语句——之双分支选择结构.............................................................................4334.4.3if语句——之多分支选择结构.............................................................................4424.4.4多分支选择应用举例............................................................................................4444.4.5多分支案例讲解..................................................................................................4464.4.6ifelse嵌套...............................................................................................................4594.4.7分支语句嵌套........................................................................................................4614.4.8switch语句.............................................................................................................4644.4.9switch对分支语句有无break...............................................................................4664.4.10多分支..................................................................................................................4684.5循环结构..........................................................................................................................4744.5.1while以及循环语句代码块...................................................................................4744.5.2while练习...............................................................................................................4774.5.3do－while语句“直到型”循环结构..................................................................4814.5.4for语句...................................................................................................................4834.5.5三种循环求任意整数位数...................................................................................4854.5.6循环的嵌套............................................................................................................4884.5.7break语句无条件转移语句...................................................................................4904.5.8break案例...............................................................................................................4954.5.9continue语句无条件转移语句..............................................................................4964.5.10goto语句无条件转移语句.................................................................................4984.5.11goto案例...............................................................................................................5014.5.12循环嵌套时注意..................................................................................................5024.5.13切记不要乱用goto..............................................................................................5084.5.14钩子注射调戏百度云管家................................................................................5114.6初学者答疑......................................................................................................................5124.6.1算法讲解-数据分离..............................................................................................5124.6.2算法讲解-数据分离复习....................................................................................5144.6.3算法讲解-Fibonacci穷举法等............................................................................5174.6.4C学习方法总结.....................................................................................................519
4.6.5作业习题................................................................................................................5214.6.6定时器设计以及定时退出....................................................................................5244.6.7本章项目计算器..................................................................................................5274.6.8鬼程序....................................................................................................................5294.6.9实战算法鼠标追不上QQ.....................................................................................5334.6.10指数相加..............................................................................................................534第5篇函数数组、指针、字符串、结构体共用体..................................................................5375.1函数..................................................................................................................................5375.1.1函数........................................................................................................................5375.1.2函数调用................................................................................................................5505.1.3函数小结面向过程的程序结构...........................................................................5615.1.4习题........................................................................................................................5715.1.5总复习简单函数上..............................................................................................5745.1.6总复习简单函数下..........................................................................................5825.1.7函数可变参数........................................................................................................5845.1.8函数求参数的顺序................................................................................................5865.1.9递归举例................................................................................................................5885.1.10简单递归..............................................................................................................5915.1.11函数返回值声明周期..........................................................................................6005.1.12函数的副本机制..................................................................................................6035.2数组..................................................................................................................................6065.2.1数组........................................................................................................................6065.2.2数组概念（补充）................................................................................................6105.2.3数组解决Fibonacci数列问题..............................................................................6135.2.4一维数组案例........................................................................................................6195.2.5二维数组................................................................................................................6215.2.6二维数组案例以及三维数组...............................................................................6275.2.7杨辉三角形............................................................................................................6325.2.8二维数组案例输出二维平面的死图形并变色.................................................6355.2.9高维数组分析以及习题........................................................................................6375.2.10习题......................................................................................................................6395.2.11数组的二分查找法..............................................................................................6415.2.12一维数组选择排序法........................................................................................6455.2.13二维数组的深入动态二维数组......................................................................6455.2.14一维数组逆序输出..............................................................................................6515.2.15数组和平均值查找斐波那契以及极大值极小值.............................................6535.2.16多维数组初始化..................................................................................................6595.2.17二维数组分析......................................................................................................6605.2.18数组不要越界......................................................................................................6625.2.19多元数组..............................................................................................................6645.3指针..................................................................................................................................6665.3.1内存与指针............................................................................................................6665.3.2指针变量................................................................................................................6695.3.3间接访问直接访问................................................................................................671
5.3.4打印指针地址........................................................................................................6725.3.5scanf初始化指针...................................................................................................6735.3.6指针代码实践........................................................................................................6755.3.7指向指针的指针....................................................................................................6765.3.8指针的类型和指针所指向的类型.......................................................................6785.3.9指针的类型和指针所指向的类型不同...............................................................6795.3.10指针变量的值......................................................................................................6805.3.11野指针与空指针..................................................................................................6825.3.12指针的运算..........................................................................................................6845.3.13指针的算术运算..................................................................................................6865.3.14指针之间的比较..................................................................................................6885.3.15指针运算..............................................................................................................6895.3.16指针相减..............................................................................................................6915.3.17指针与数组..........................................................................................................6925.3.18指向元素指针与指向数组的指针.....................................................................6925.3.19指针引用多维数组..............................................................................................6935.3.20指针遍历输出二维数组的值.............................................................................6945.3.21指针的方式输出二维数组任意元素.................................................................6965.3.22数组作为函数参数..............................................................................................6965.3.23函数指针..............................................................................................................7005.3.24函数指针概念......................................................................................................7015.3.25函数返回值是指针..............................................................................................7025.3.26函数返回值是指针练习--用途...........................................................................7035.3.27指针左值指针与整数指针空指针以及指向为空的指针.................................7045.3.28Void指针与空指针--详细讲解..........................................................................7055.3.29malloc与free....................................................................................................7065.3.30动态分配..............................................................................................................7065.3.31free函数....................................................................................7085.3.32malloc_calloc_realloc....................................................................................7095.3.33内存分配习题以及小结......................................................................................7105.3.34植物大战僵尸......................................................................................................7125.3.3532位与64位差别以及debugRelease区别......................................................7135.3.36优先级的接触生效..............................................................................................7155.3.37指针概念..............................................................................................................7175.3.38一级指针复习.....................................................................................................7215.3.39指针代码实践......................................................................................................7315.3.40linux下N级指针................................................................................................7345.3.41函数指针详细讲解............................................................................................7375.3.42函数指针概念......................................................................................................7395.3.43深入指针迷途指针............................................................................................7455.4字符串..............................................................................................................................7465.4.1字符串概览............................................................................................................7465.4.2字符数组初始化....................................................................................................7475.4.3mac字符串.............................................................................................................749
5.4.4字符数组的输入输出............................................................................................7515.4.5字符串与字符数组的关系....................................................................................7525.4.6charachara小结................................................................................................7535.4.7字符串的操作........................................................................................................7565.4.8字符串查找............................................................................................................7585.4.9Strcmp字符串比较函数........................................................................................7585.4.10Strncmp字符串前n字母比较函数（补充）....................................................7605.4.11字符串处理函数strchr........................................................................................7615.4.12字符串二级指针..................................................................................................7625.4.13字符串封装1.......................................................................................................7635.4.14字符串封装2.......................................................................................................7685.4.15字符串连接函数strncat（补充）......................................................................7715.4.16字符串连接函数strncat......................................................................................7735.4.17字符串处理函数atoi...........................................................................................7745.4.18strset......................................................................................................................7755.4.19strre........................................................................................................................7765.4.20字符大小写转换函数调用以及自己实现.........................................................7785.4.21字符串常用函数..................................................................................................7805.4.22常用内存函数......................................................................................................7825.4.23习题字符串插入................................................................................................7895.4.24习题字符串和整数转化....................................................................................7905.4.25习题删除字符....................................................................................................7915.4.26银行密码验证模拟..............................................................................................7945.4.27字符串输入注意事项..........................................................................................7955.4.28memset实现.........................................................................................................7965.4.29Strcmp字符串比较函数......................................................................................7975.4.30Unicode字符问题................................................................................................7985.4.31字符串排序..........................................................................................................8035.5结构体共用体以及typedef.............................................................................................8065.5.1结构体....................................................................................................................8065.5.2结构体数组............................................................................................................8105.5.3结构体与指针和内存动态分配...........................................................................8135.5.4union共用体...........................................................................................................8165.5.5结构体在内存中存储，字节对齐.......................................................................8195.5.6枚举类型................................................................................................................8225.5.7枚举常量详解........................................................................................................8245.5.8类型取个别名—typedef........................................................................................8255.5.9typedef与结构体....................................................................................................8275.5.10习题......................................................................................................................8315.5.11数组与枚举型常量..............................................................................................8355.5.12共用体注意事项..................................................................................................8375.5.13深拷贝与浅拷贝..................................................................................................8385.5.14字节对齐..............................................................................................................8395.6答疑..................................................................................................................................844
5.6.1答疑........................................................................................................................8445.6.2综合习题1删除字符删除字符串......................................................................8475.6.3综合习题2判定QQ是否运行...........................................................................8485.6.4综合习题3实现内存拷贝memcpy....................................................................850第六篇位运算_文件_函数高级_指针高级_内存高级映射_内存四区生存期作用域............8526.1位运算..............................................................................................................................8526.1.1穷人时代如何节约内存位运算...........................................................................8526.1.2取反运算符高级用法............................................................................................8586.1.3内存补码................................................................................................................8606.1.4移位运算................................................................................................................8626.1.5位逻辑复合运算符................................................................................................8646.1.6位运算注意事项....................................................................................................8666.1.7位运算作业............................................................................................................8696.1.8位字段....................................................................................................................8716.1.9位运算符打印补码................................................................................................8746.1.10位操作..................................................................................................................8746.1.11位运算输出浮点数据.........................................................................................8766.1.12位运算输出反码原码补码..................................................................................8796.2文件..................................................................................................................................8806.2.1不局限内存-文件..................................................................................................8806.2.2二进制与文本区别................................................................................................8876.2.3二进制与文本区别2linux移植..........................................................................8926.2.4文件的处理方法及fflush.....................................................................................8936.2.5重定向以及fprintf和fsanf..................................................................................8956.2.6文件型结构体........................................................................................................8986.2.7文件操作步骤-C语言将设备当做文件来处理..................................................9026.2.8文件打开与关闭--fopen文件打开模式...............................................................9046.2.9access函数..............................................................................................................9076.2.10关闭文件—fclose................................................................................................9086.2.11不关闭文件的后果..............................................................................................9086.2.12按照块读写文本文件..........................................................................................9096.2.13读取文件屏幕显示..............................................................................................9126.2.14格式化IO-fprintf与fscanf.................................................................................9126.2.15如何检测错误-ferror函数..................................................................................9156.2.16输出文件错误perror..........................................................................................9166.2.17处理文件错误......................................................................................................9186.2.18文件定位..............................................................................................................9196.2.19得到当前位置—ftell...........................................................................................9216.2.20移动指针—fseek.................................................................................................9226.2.21文件小结remove删除文件..............................................................................9266.2.22mktemp..................................................................................................................9266.2.23文件习题1--统计大小写数字的数目..............................................................9276.2.24文件习题编程实现搜索文件.......................................................................9296.2.25文件习题1--统计文本多少汉字......................................................................931
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