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opensees用户指南.pdf

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    Face
    Contents
    Chapter 1 Introduction
    Notation
    Copyright
    Introduction to the Tcl command language
    Tcl Commands Format
    Example Tcl Commands
    Additional Tcl Resources
    OpenSees Interpreter
    Chapter 2 OpenSees
    Chapter 3 Model-Building Objects
    Chapter 4 Model Command
    Chapter 5 Node Command
    Chapter 6 Mass Command
    Chapter 7 Constraints Objects
    Chapter 8 UniaxialMaterial Command
    Chapter 9 Contributed Uniaxial Materrials
    Chapter 10 Concrete04 Material Bebavior
    Chapter 11 Limit State Material
    Chapter 12 ReinforcingSteel Material Behavior
    Chapter 13 Concrete01 Material Behavior
    Chapter 14 Concrete02 Material Behavior
    Chapter 15 Concrete03 Material Behavior
    Chapter 16 Steel01 Material Behavior
    Chapter 17 Steel02 Material Behavior
    Chapter 18 Hysteretic Material Behavior
    Chapter 19 nDMaterial Command
    Chapter 20 Section Command
    Chapter 21 Element Command
    Chapter 22 UC San Diego Soil Elements
    Chapter 23 Block Command
    Chapter 24 Region Command
    Chapter 25 Geometric Transformation Command
    Chapter 26 Time Series
    Chapter 27 Pattern Command
    Chapter 28 Recorder Objects
    Chapter 29 Analysis Objects
    Chapter 30 Constraints Command
    Chapter 31 Number Command
    Chapter 32 System Command
    Chapter 33 Test Command
    Chapter 34 Algorithm Command
    Chapter 35 Integrator Command
    Chapter 36 Analysis Command
    Chapter 37 Rayleigh Command
    Chapter 38 Eigen Command
    Chapter 39 Analyze Command
    Chapter 40 DataBase Commands
    Chapter 41 Miscellaneous Commands
    Chapter 42 How To...
    Chapter 43 Getting Started with OpenSees
    Chapter 44 Getting Going with OpenSees (under development)
    Chapter 45 Analysis Components
    Chapter 46 Script Utilities Library
    Chapter 47 References
    Index
    Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees) OpenSees Command Language Manual Silvia Mazzoni, Frank McKenna, Michael H. Scott, Gregory L. Fenves, et al. Printed on 1 July, 2007
    Contents iii Introduction 11 Notation ........................................................................................................................................11 Copyright ......................................................................................................................................13 Introduction to the Tcl command language ..................................................................................14 Tcl Commands Format.................................................................................................................15 Example Tcl Commands ..............................................................................................................16 Additional Tcl Resources .............................................................................................................17 OpenSees Interpreter...................................................................................................................18 OpenSees 19 OpenSees Features .....................................................................................................................21 WHY OPENSEES? ......................................................................................................................21 + The library of materials, elements and analysis commands makes OpenSees a powerful tool for numerical simulation of nonlinear structural and geotechnical systems ......................21 + The OpenSees library of components is ever-growing and at the leading edge of numerical-simulation models .............................................................................................21 + The OpenSees interface is based on a command-driven scripting language which enables the user to create more-versatile input files.......................................................................21 + OpenSees is not a black box, making it a useful educational tool for numerical modeling21 + You can create your own material, element or analysis tools and incorporate them into OpenSees ..........................................................................................................................21 + NEES is supporting integration of OpenSees as the simulation component of laboratory testing.................................................................................................................................21 MODELS: .....................................................................................................................................22 + linear & nonlinear structural and geotechnical models ...................................................22 SIMULATIONS: ............................................................................................................................23 + static push-over analyses ...............................................................................................23 + static reversed-cyclic analyses .......................................................................................23 + dynamic time-series analyses.........................................................................................23 + uniform-support excitation...............................................................................................23 + multi-support excitation ...................................................................................................23 MODELING FEATURES: .............................................................................................................23 MODEL-BUILDING FEATURES: .................................................................................................24 ANALYSIS FEATURES:...............................................................................................................26 ModelBuilder Object .....................................................................................................................29 Domain Object..............................................................................................................................30 Recorder Object ...........................................................................................................................31 Analysis Object.............................................................................................................................31 Model-Building Objects 33 model Command 34 Basic Model Builder......................................................................................................................34 build Command ............................................................................................................................35 node Command mass Command 36 37
    Contents iv constraints objects 38 Single-Point Constraints...............................................................................................................38 fix Command ................................................................................................................................38 fixX Command..............................................................................................................................39 fixY Command..............................................................................................................................39 fixZ Command ..............................................................................................................................40 Multi-Point Constraints .................................................................................................................41 equalDOF Command ...................................................................................................................41 rigidDiaphragm Command ...........................................................................................................41 rigidLink Command ......................................................................................................................42 uniaxialMaterial Command 43 -- Contributed Uniaxial Materials 44 BARSLIP Material ........................................................................................................................44 Concrete04 Material -- Popovics Concrete Material ....................................................................57 Concrete04 -- Material Behavior FatigueMaterialExample.tcl 61 63 Limit State Material 73 Shear Limit Curve.........................................................................................................................74 Axial Limit Curve ..........................................................................................................................75 Shear Limit Curve.........................................................................................................................76 Example Files for Limit State Material..........................................................................................78 PINCHING4 Material ....................................................................................................................84 PINCHING4 Uniaxial Material Model Discussion.........................................................................90 PyTzQz Uniaxial Materials .........................................................................................................104 PySimple1 Material ....................................................................................................................104 TzSimple1 Material.....................................................................................................................105 QzSimple1 Material ....................................................................................................................106 PyLiq1 Material...........................................................................................................................107 TzLiq1 Material...........................................................................................................................108 PySimple1Gen Command..........................................................................................................110 TzSimple1Gen Command..........................................................................................................111 ReinforcingSteel -- Material Behavior 125 Elastic Material ...........................................................................................................................125 Elastic-Perfectly Plastic Material ................................................................................................126 Elastic-Perfectly Plastic Gap Material ........................................................................................128 Elastic-No Tension Material .......................................................................................................129 Parallel Material..........................................................................................................................130 Series Material ...........................................................................................................................131 Hardening Material .....................................................................................................................133 Concrete01 Material -- Zero Tensile Strength............................................................................134 Concrete01 -- Material Behavior 137 Concrete02 Material -- Linear Tension Softening ......................................................................137 Concrete02 -- Material Behavior 143 Concrete03 Material -- Nonlinear Tension Softening................................................................143 Concrete03 -- Material Behavior 147
    Contents v Steel01 Material .........................................................................................................................147 Steel01 -- Material Behavior 152 Steel02 Material -- Giuffré-Menegotto-Pinto Model with Isotropic Strain Hardening .................153 Steel02 -- Material Behavior 158 Hysteretic Material......................................................................................................................158 Hysteretic -- Material Behavior 161 Viscous Material .........................................................................................................................161 nDMaterial Command 162 Elastic Isotropic Material ............................................................................................................162 J2 Plasticity Material...................................................................................................................163 Plane Stress Material .................................................................................................................163 Plate Fiber Material ....................................................................................................................164 UC Davis Soil Models.................................................................................................................164 Template Elasto-Plastic Material................................................................................................164 UCSD Soil Models......................................................................................................................169 section Command 191 Elastic Section............................................................................................................................192 Uniaxial Section..........................................................................................................................193 Fiber Section ..............................................................................................................................194 Fiber Command..........................................................................................................................196 Quadrilateral Patch Command...................................................................................................197 Circular Patch Command ...........................................................................................................199 Straight Layer Command ...........................................................................................................201 Circular Layer Command ...........................................................................................................202 Section Aggregator.....................................................................................................................203 Elastic Membrane Plate Section ................................................................................................205 Plate Fiber Section .....................................................................................................................205 Bidirectional Section...................................................................................................................206 Isolator2spring Section: Model to include buckling behavior of an elastomeric bearing ..........207 element Command 215
    Contents vi Truss Element ............................................................................................................................215 Corotational Truss Element........................................................................................................216 Elastic Beam Column Element...................................................................................................217 NonLinear Beam-Column Elements...........................................................................................218 Nonlinear Beam Column Element..............................................................................................218 Beam With Hinges Element .......................................................................................................219 Displacement-Based Beam-Column Element............................................................................223 Zero-Length Elements................................................................................................................223 Zero-Length Element..................................................................................................................224 Zero-Length ND Element ...........................................................................................................225 Zero-Length Section Element ....................................................................................................226 Quadrilateral Elements...............................................................................................................227 Quad Element ............................................................................................................................227 Shell Element .............................................................................................................................228 Bbar Plane Strain Quadrilateral Element ...................................................................................228 Enhanced Strain Quadrilateral Element.....................................................................................229 Brick Elements ...........................................................................................................................230 Standard Brick Element..............................................................................................................230 Bbar Brick Element.....................................................................................................................231 BeamColumnJoint Element........................................................................................................232 Beam-Column Joint Element Discussion ...................................................................................236 Beam-Column Joint Element Discussion 236 UC Davis Soil Elements .............................................................................................................256 FourNodeQuadUP Element .......................................................................................................256 u-p-U element.............................................................................................................................258 Eight Node Brick Element ..........................................................................................................259 Twenty Node Brick Element.......................................................................................................261 UC San Diego Soil Elements 263 block Command 273 block2D Command.....................................................................................................................274 block3D Command.....................................................................................................................276 region Command 278 Geometric Transformation Command 280 Linear Transformation ................................................................................................................280 P-Delta Transformation ..............................................................................................................286 Corotational Transformation.......................................................................................................287 Time Series 288 Constant Time Series.................................................................................................................289 Linear Time Series .....................................................................................................................289 Rectangular Time Series............................................................................................................290 Sine Time Series ........................................................................................................................291 Path Time Series........................................................................................................................292 pattern Command 294
    Contents vii plain Pattern ...............................................................................................................................294 load Command ...........................................................................................................................295 sp Command ..............................................................................................................................296 eleLoad Command .....................................................................................................................297 UniformExcitation Pattern ..........................................................................................................298 MultipleSupport Pattern..............................................................................................................299 groundMotion Command............................................................................................................299 Plain GroundMotion....................................................................................................................300 Interpolated GroundMotion ........................................................................................................301 imposedMotion Command .........................................................................................................301 Recorder Objects 303 Node Recorder ...........................................................................................................................303 EnvelopeNode Recorder ............................................................................................................305 Drift Recorder .............................................................................................................................306 Element Recorder ......................................................................................................................307 EnvelopeElement Recorder .......................................................................................................309 Display Recorder........................................................................................................................310 Plot Recorder .............................................................................................................................311 playback Command....................................................................................................................311 Analysis Objects 313 constraints Command 316 Plain Constraints ........................................................................................................................318 Penalty Method ..........................................................................................................................318 Lagrange Multipliers ...................................................................................................................319 Transformation Method ..............................................................................................................320 numberer Command 321 Plain Numberer ..........................................................................................................................321 RCM Numberer ..........................................................................................................................322 system Command 323 BandGeneral SOE......................................................................................................................324 BandSPD SOE ...........................................................................................................................324 ProfileSPD SOE .........................................................................................................................324 SparseGeneral SOE...................................................................................................................324 UmfPack SOE ............................................................................................................................325 SparseSPD SOE ........................................................................................................................325 test Command 326 Norm Unbalance Test ................................................................................................................326 Norm Displacement Increment Test...........................................................................................327 Energy Increment Test...............................................................................................................328 algorithm Command 329 Linear Algorithm .........................................................................................................................329 Newton Algorithm .......................................................................................................................329 Newton with Line Search Algorithm ...........................................................................................330 Modified Newton Algorithm ........................................................................................................331 Krylov-Newton Algorithm............................................................................................................331 BFGS Algorithm .........................................................................................................................331 Broyden Algorithm......................................................................................................................332 integrator Command 333
    Contents viii Load Control...............................................................................................................................334 Displacement Control .................................................................................................................335 Minimum Unbalanced Displacement Norm................................................................................336 Arc-Length Control .....................................................................................................................336 Newmark Method .......................................................................................................................337 Hilbert-Hughes-Taylor Method ...................................................................................................338 analysis Command 339 Static Analysis ............................................................................................................................339 Transient Analysis ......................................................................................................................340 VariableTransient Analysis.........................................................................................................341 rayleigh command eigen Command analyze Command 342 343 344 dataBase Commands 345 FileDatastore Command ............................................................................................................345 save Command ..........................................................................................................................346 restore Command.......................................................................................................................346 Miscellaneous Commands 347 print Command...........................................................................................................................347 reset Command..........................................................................................................................348 wipe Command ..........................................................................................................................348 wipeAnalysis Command .............................................................................................................348 loadConst Command..................................................................................................................349 getTime Command.....................................................................................................................349 nodeDisp Command...................................................................................................................349 video Command .........................................................................................................................350 play Command ...........................................................................................................................351 nodeBounds ...............................................................................................................................351 display Command.......................................................................................................................352 How To.... 353 Run OpenSees...........................................................................................................................354 ...Define Units & Constants ........................................................................................................356 ...Generate Matlab Commands ..................................................................................................357 ...Define Tcl Procedure...............................................................................................................357 ...Read External files ..................................................................................................................359 Building The Model.....................................................................................................................360 ...Define Variables and Parameters .................................................................................360 ...Build Model and Define Nodes .....................................................................................363 ...Build Model and Define Nodes using Variables............................................................364 ...Define Materials ............................................................................................................364 ...Define Elements............................................................................................................365 Defining Output ..........................................................................................................................366 ...Define Analysis-Output Generation ..............................................................................366 ...Define Data-Plot During Analysis..................................................................................368 Gravity Loads .............................................................................................................................369 ...Define Gravity Loads ....................................................................................................369 ...Run Gravity Analysis.....................................................................................................370 Static Analysis ............................................................................................................................370 ...Define Static Pushover Analysis ...................................................................................370
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