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Real Time Developer Studio Tutorial

Tutorial Simulation options Byte-code generation The SDL simulator Verifying the behavior GUI editor Simulation Code generation options Graphical debugging Test case Simulation against the SDL system Introduction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 A simple system - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 SDL Tutorial - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 Organization ............................................................................................................. 6 Requirements ............................................................................................................. 7 Design .................................................................................................................... 11 Simulating the system ............................................................................................... 24 24 24 27 35 Prototyping GUI ....................................................................................................... 37 37 42 Testing .................................................................................................................... 44 45 48 Code generation ...................................................................................................... 49 49 52 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 57 SDL-RT Tutorial - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58 Organization ........................................................................................................... 58 Requirements ........................................................................................................... 59 Design .................................................................................................................... 63 Running the system ................................................................................................... 81 82 84 88 97 Prototyping GUI ..................................................................................................... 100 100 104 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 105 Automatic documentation generation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 107 Publications ........................................................................................................... 108 Documentation ...................................................................................................... 113 Automatic generation ............................................................................................. 117 Generation profile Compilation errors The SDL-RT debugger Verifying the behavior GUI editor Simulation Page 2 Real Time Developer Studio V4.3

Tutorial 1 - Introduction Before starting this tutorial, it is important to understand the basic concepts used in Real Time Developer Studio.These concepts derive from the two languages supported by RTDS, SDL and SDL-RT: • SDL stands for Specification and Description Language. SDL is a graphi- cal, object-oriented, formal language defined by the International Telecommuni- cation Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) as recommendation Z100. The language is intended for the specification of com- plex, event-driven, real-time and interactive applications involving many con- current activities that communicate using discrete signals. • SDL-RT stands for Specification and Description Language - Real Time. It is a mix of SDL with another graphical language, UML, and of a textual lan- guage, C. It retains the graphical abstraction brought by SDL while keeping the precision of traditional techniques in real-time and embedded software develop- ment and making simpler the re-use of legacy code by using natively the C lan- guage. The object-orientation is also pushed a step further by using the UML diagrams. The underlying concepts of both languages are the same: the overall application to develop is called the system. Anything that is outside the system is called the environ- ment. The system itself is described via four complementary and consistent views: • Architecture A system can be decomposed in functional blocks. A block can be further decomposed in sub-blocks and so on until the functionality of the final blocks are simple enough. A block then fulfils its functionality with one or more proc- esses, communicating with each other via messages (also called signals). A process is basically a task and has an implicit message queue to receive messages from other tasks. There is no need to define it. A block has no direct implementa- tion in the final application; it is a matter of organizing and structuring the appli- cation. Blocks and process are called agents. system block process process block process state msg msg state state • Communication Agents exchange messages through channels. Messages going through chan- nels are listed to define the interface between the agents. When it comes to final Real Time Developer Studio V4.3 Page 3

Tutorial code on the target, channels have no direct implementation; they are only used for structuring the software and defining the interfaces. • Behavior A process behavior is described graphically as a finite state machine. Internal process states, events (messages), decisions, timer manipulations, semaphore manipulations have specific symbols briefly summarized below necessary to understand the following tutorial: Start State Input Output Plain C code Decision Start timer Stop timer Take semaphore Give semaphore y l n o T R - L D S Create task Declarations SDL or SDL-RT procedures can be called within the process behavior descrip- tion. In SDL-RT, C functions can be called as well; SDL also allows the call of C function via external operators. • Data and syntax This is where SDL and SDL-RT differ the most: • In SDL, data is defined via ADT (Abstract Data Types), using specific con- cepts and notations. The data manipulation has also a specific syntax, derived from languages such as Pascal. In SDL-RT, the C language is used to define and manipulate data, making things more familiar to developers… • Another SDL-RT specificity is the integration of UML use case and class diagrams for less time-critical parts of the system. Objects can be associated to processes or blocks and used in the behavioral parts of the processes. In both SDL and SDL-RT projects, RTDS also integrates the Message Sequence Chart dynamic view. On such a diagram, time flows from top to bottom. Lifelines represent agents, semaphores or objects and key SDL-RT events are represented. The diagram emphasizes the sequence in which the events occur. Would you need any extra information on the diagrams and their meaning, the following references may be used: • For SDL, the SDL Forum web-site has many tutorials and presentations: http://www.sdl-forum.org/ • For SDL-RT, the reference manual is available in RTDS via the Help / SDL-RT ref- erence menu. This manual is also available on the SDL-RT web-site: http://www.sdl-rt.org Page 4 Real Time Developer Studio V4.3

Tutorial 2 - A simple system The system we have chosen is simple enough to be written from scratch but rich enough to pinpoint the basics of SDL-RT and SDL. It is a very basic phone system composed of a central and of several phones. When the phones are created, the central gives them an automatically computed phone number. When a user takes a phone to call another one, the phone asks the central the id of the phone to be called identified by its phone number. The caller sends directly a call request to the distant phone. For simplicity sake the dis- tant phone automatically answers. This tutorial is divided into two parts, depending on the language: • The part using SDL starts page 6 • The part using SDL-RT starts page 58 And one part for the automatic documentation generation that is based on the SDL sys- tem but that can be applied to the SDL-RT example. If you do not want to design the example, you can find a complete project of this system in the examples under "SDL/tutorial" and "SDL-RT/tutorial". Real Time Developer Studio V4.3 Page 5

3 - SDL Tutorial 3.1 - Organization Let’s get our hands on the tool ! Start Real Time Developer Studio. The window that appears is called the Project manager: Tutorial The Project manager window The project manager gathers all the files needed in the project. First let’s create a new project with the New SDL project button: Page 6 Real Time Developer Studio V4.3

Tutorial The Project manager displays an empty project: Let’s save it straight away as "phone" and put it in a dedicated directory: An empty new project Phone empty project 3.2 - Requirements Let us express the requirements of our system with a Message Sequence Chart (MSC). To add an MSC, select the project, and click on the right mouse button. A contextual menu will appear: Add components to the project Real Time Developer Studio V4.3 Page 7

Select Add component and the following window will appear: Tutorial The add component window Select MSC as a node type and click on the New button. Go to the directory where your project is and type in "normal" with no extension. Click on save and you will get the fol- lowing window: Completed Add component window Click Ok and the "normal" MSC appears in the "phone" project: "normal" MSC in "phone" project Page 8 Real Time Developer Studio V4.3

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UML建模实时开发工具RTDS 教程.pdf

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