自动售货机设计
一、实验目的
1、实现自动售货机的功能;
2、运用状态机原理设计。
二、实验内容
这种自动售货机只销售听装与瓶装两种罐装可乐,售价均为 1.5 元。顾客只能通过
两个不同的投币口分别投入五角的硬币或者一元硬币。一次交易可以买多罐,且自
动找零。若钱不够,则自动退币。并且在购买之前只要一按下取消键 cancel 就马上
无条件退币。
此机器的硬件示范电路,以二個按键电路代替二個投币孔,以两个八段数码管显示
投币数量,再以 4hz 闪烁之 led 來显示退币,以两个八段数码管显示退币数量。此
机器就采用 1024hz 的系统 clock 信号同步所有的买卖行为,并且作为弹跳消除电路
的基准参考脉冲。这个电路虽然是纯数位电路但是可作为一个自动售货机的控制核
心电路加上驱动器就可以用来驱动机械装置。
下图为自动售货机的操作盘,有两个投币按钮,分別为五角硬币与一元硬币。每投
入一个硬币就将下方的 LED 指示灯号点亮到具体数额,并且最高上限只能接受 9.5
元的金额。另外,每一种饮料商品都配置 3 个灯号(分别显示存货、选择数量与出
货等三个信息)与一个选择购买的按钮。每按一次选择购买按钮,选择数量显示加
1,并且存货自动计算,若没有货存,则货存灯灭,一旦选择商品与投币金额足够,
就需要按下确定要购买的按键;当然也可以后悔不买而按下取消键,让机器退回已
经投入的硬币。如若投入的钱币不足以购所有的饮料,则退币。退币时货存更改为
原状态。
三、程序设计
module auto_vending(clk,cel_cola,cel_diet,reset,coin_ten,coin_five,ok_buy,cancel_buy,//输入
led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok,led_buy,led_cancel,led_cola_out,led_diet_out,shu_cola_sel,shu_diet_se
l,
led_display,shu_money_return,Hex);//输出
input clk,cel_cola,cel_diet,reset,coin_ten,coin_five,ok_buy,cancel_buy;
output led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok,//表示还有存货
led_buy,led_cancel,//表示选择购买和取消购买
led_cola_out,led_diet_out;//显示表示已出货
//led_return;//每四秒闪烁一次代表被退之硬币
wire [10:0]led_cola_sel,led_diet_sel;////选中饮料的数量
output [6:0]shu_cola_sel,shu_diet_sel;
output [13:0]led_display;//表示投币的金额
output [13:0]shu_money_return;
wire ok,cancel,money_ok;//在 ok_or_cancel 出来的
//wire [10:0]no_diet,no_cola;//售货机内的饮料数量
wire [10:0]money_return;
//reg [10:0]no_sock_cola,no_sock_diet;
wire [10:0]total_count,total_consum;
output [13:0]Hex;
assign Hex=14'b111_111_111_11111;
parameter Idle = 2'd0,
S1 = 2'd1,
S2 = 2'd2;
reg [1:0]state;
reg clk_1;
reg rst;
reg [29:0]count;
always@(posedge clk)//sheng cheng 1s de shi zhong
begin
if(count==30'd25000000)
begin
clk_1<=~clk_1;
count<=0;
end
else
count<=count+1;
end
always@(posedge clk_1 or negedge reset)
if(!reset)
begin
state <=Idle;
rst<=0;
end
else
case (state)
Idle: begin
rst<=0;
state<=S1;
end
begin
S1:
rst<=1;
if(ok_buy||cancel_buy)
state<=Idle;
end
endcase
wire buyok;
toubi u1(rst,clk,coin_five,coin_ten,led_display,total_count);
select_drink u2(clk,rst,cel_cola,cel_diet,/*no_cola,no_diet,*/
led_cola_sel,led_diet_sel,/*led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok,*/total_consum);
ok_or_cancel u3(clk,rst,ok_buy,cancel_buy,ok,cancel,led_buy,led_cancel);
give_check u4(reset,buyok,clk,ok,money_ok,rst,led_cola_out,led_diet_out,
led_cola_sel,led_diet_sel,led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok/*no_cola,no_diet*/);
coin_return
u5(clk,rst,ok_buy,money_return,total_count,total_consum,money_ok,cancel_buy,cancel);
xianshi q1(led_cola_sel,shu_cola_sel);
xianshi q2(led_diet_sel,shu_diet_sel);
xianshi2 w2(money_return,shu_money_return);
endmodule
//用来显示
///显示数量的
module xianshi(a,b);
input [10:0]a;
output reg [6:0]b;
always@(a)
case(a)
11'd0:b<=7'b1000000;
11'd1:b<=7'b1111001;
11'd2:b<=7'b0100100;
11'd3:b<=7'b0110000;
11'd4:b<=7'b0011001;
11'd5:b<=7'b0010010;
11'd6:b<=7'b0000010;
11'd7:b<=7'b1111000;
11'd8:b<=7'b0000000;
11'd9:b<=7'b0010000;
endcase
endmodule
//钱数显示
module xianshi2(total_count,led_display);
input [10:0]total_count;
output reg [13:0]led_display;
always@(total_count)
case(total_count)
11'd0: led_display<=14'b1000000_1000000;
11'd1: led_display<=14'b1000000_0010010;
11'd2: led_display<=14'b1111001_1000000;
11'd3: led_display<=14'b1111001_0010010;
11'd4: led_display<=14'b0100100_1000000;
11'd5: led_display<=14'b0100100_0010010;
11'd6: led_display<=14'b0110000_1000000;
11'd7: led_display<=14'b0110000_0010010;
11'd8: led_display<=14'b0011001_1000000;
11'd9: led_display<=14'b0011001_0010010;
11'd10: led_display<=14'b0010010_1000000;
11'd11: led_display<=14'b0010010_0010010;
11'd12: led_display<=14'b0000010_1000000;
11'd13: led_display<=14'b0000010_0010010;
11'd14: led_display<=14'b1111000_1000000;
11'd15: led_display<=14'b1111000_0010010;
11'd16: led_display<=14'b0000000_1000000;
11'd17: led_display<=14'b0000000_0010010;
11'd18: led_display<=14'b0010000_1000000;
11'd19: led_display<=14'b0010000_0010010;
endcase
endmodule
//去抖模块
module qudou(clk,reset,k,key);
input k,reset,clk;
output reg key;
reg [10:0]clock;
always@(posedge clk)
if(!reset)
clock<=11'd0;
else
begin
if(k)
begin
key<=1;
clock<=0;
end
else
begin
clock<=clock+1;
if(clock==1000)
begin
clock<=11'b0;
key=0;
end
end
end
endmodule
/////投币电路
module toubi(reset,clk,coin_05,coin_10,led_display,total_count);//加一个去抖模块
input reset,clk,coin_05,coin_10;
output [13:0]led_display;
output reg[10:0]total_count;//统计投入里面的金币
wire qu_coin_05,qu_coin_10;
qudou a1(clk,reset,coin_05,qu_coin_05);
qudou a2(clk,reset,coin_10,qu_coin_10);
reg [10:0]count_1,count_2;
always@(negedge qu_coin_05 or negedge reset)
begin
if(!reset)
begin
count_1<=11'd0;
end
else if(!qu_coin_05)
begin
count_1 <= count_1+11'd1;
end
end
always@(negedge qu_coin_10 or negedge reset)
if(!reset)
begin
count_2<=11'd0;
end
else if(!coin_10)
begin
count_2<=count_2+11'd2;
end
always@(count_1 or count_2)
total_count<=count_2+count_1;
xianshi2 a4(total_count,led_display);
endmodule
//饮料选择处理模块
module select_drink(clk,reset,select_cola,select_diet/*,sock_cola,sock_diet*/,
cola_sel,diet_sel,/*led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok,*/total_consum);
input clk,reset,select_cola,select_diet;
//input [10:0]sock_cola,sock_diet;//系统内部库存数量
output [10:0]cola_sel,diet_sel;//选中的饮料数量
reg [10:0]cola,diet;
//output led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok;//除去选中的饮料外,是否还有余量
output [10:0]total_consum;//消费金额
reg [10:0]cola_sel,diet_sel;
//reg led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok;
wire select_cola_out,select_diet_out;
qudou a3(clk,reset,select_cola,select_cola_out);
qudou a4(clk,reset,select_diet,select_diet_out);
reg [10:0]total_consum_2,total_consum_1,total_consum;
always@(total_consum_2 or total_consum_1)
total_consum<=total_consum_2+total_consum_1;
always@(negedge reset or negedge select_cola_out )
if(!reset)
begin
cola_sel<=0;
total_consum_1<=0;
end
else if(!select_cola_out)
begin
cola_sel<=cola_sel+1;
total_consum_1<=total_consum_1+11'd3;
end
always@(negedge reset or negedge select_diet_out)
if(!reset)
begin
diet_sel<=0;
total_consum_2<=0;
end
else if(!select_diet_out)
begin
diet_sel<=diet_sel+1;
total_consum_2<=total_consum_2+11'd3;
end
/*
always@(posedge clk or negedge reset)
if(!reset)
begin
led_cola_ok<=1;
led_diet_ok<=1;
else
end
begin
cola <= sock_cola;
diet <= sock_diet;
if(cola_sel >= cola)
led_cola_ok <= 0;
if(diet_sel >= diet)
led_diet_ok <= 0;
end
*/
Endmodule
//确认与取消电路模块
module ok_or_cancel(clk,reset,ok_buy,cancel_buy,
ok,cancel,//给其他模块使用
led_buy,led_cancel);//对外显示
input clk,reset,ok_buy,cancel_buy;
output reg ok,cancel;
output reg led_buy,led_cancel;
always@(posedge clk or negedge reset)
if(!reset)
begin
ok<=0;
cancel<=0;
led_buy<=0;
led_cancel<=0;
end
else
if(ok_buy)
begin
ok<=1;
led_buy<=1;
cancel<=0;
led_cancel<=0;
end
else
if(cancel_buy)
begin
ok<=0;
cancel<=1;
led_buy<=0;
led_cancel<=1;
end
endmodule
//出货并计算存货模块
module give_check(reset,buyok,clk,ok,money_ok,rst,led_cola_out,led_diet_out,
cola_out,diet_out,led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok/*no_cola,no_diet*/);
input reset,clk,ok,rst,money_ok;
input [10:0]cola_out,diet_out;//从售货机内取出的饮料数量
output reg led_cola_ok,led_diet_ok;//显示是否还有饮料
reg [10:0]no_cola,no_diet,sock_cola,sock_diet;//输出的饮料之后售货机内部剩余数量
output led_cola_out,led_diet_out;//售货机输出饮料时 led 亮
reg led_cola_out,led_diet_out;
reg [1:0]state;
parameter S1=2'd0,
S2=2'd1,
S3=2'd2;
reg s1,s2;
output reg buyok;
always@(posedge clk or negedge reset)
if(!reset)
begin
sock_cola<=11'd5;
sock_diet<=11'd5;
end
else
if(!rst)
begin
led_cola_out<=0;
led_diet_out<=0;
state<=S1;
s1<=0;
s2<=0;
no_cola<=sock_cola;
no_diet<=sock_diet;
buyok<=0;
end
else
case(state)
S1:
if(ok && money_ok)