2000年上海华东师范大学对外汉语教学理论及英语翻译考研真题.doc-资料库

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2000 年上海华东师范大学对外汉语教学理论及英语翻译考研真题语言学理论部分一.给下列汉语词和英语词标注国际音标（尽可能使用窄式音标）女儿 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 泉水 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 东方 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 日本 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ talan _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________ English _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ American _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ apanese _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 二．运用变换的方法分化下列汉、英歧义句 1.他就不用去找了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 2.我们一个也不要。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 3. He decided on, the train _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 4.I's a miracle that the old magician was able to work。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 三.填空题四.解释或比较下列语言学术语语言结构的递归性 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 对立、互补 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 组合关系 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________

聚合关系 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ sociolect _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 母语（同名的两个术语） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Morpheme _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 五.举例说明语言的结构类型和普遍特征之间的关系 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 对外汉语教学理论部分六.填空题

七.解释或比较下列概念语言习得、语言学习 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 中介语 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 交际文化 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 对外汉语教学的总体设计 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 对外汉语教学教学法 _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 八.问答题 1.对外汉语教学过程的四大环节之间存在着怎样的联系? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 2.以你之见，如何提高对外汉语教学的课堂教学质量? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 英汉翻译部分九. Put the following into English 天下事有难易乎？为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣。人之为学有难易乎？学之，则难者亦易矣；不学，则易者亦难矣。吾资之昏，不逮人也，吾材之庸，不逮人也；旦旦而学之，久而不怠焉，迄乎成，而亦不知其昏与庸也。吾资之聪，倍人也，吾材之敏，倍人也；屏弃而不用，其与昏与庸无以异也。圣人之道，卒于鲁也传之。然则昏庸聪敏之用，岂有常哉？蜀之鄙有二僧：其一贫，其一富。贫者语于富者曰：“吾欲之南海，何如？”富者曰：“子何恃而往？”曰：“吾一瓶一钵足矣。”富者曰：“吾数年来欲买舟而下，犹未能也。子何恃而往！”越明年，贫者自南海还，以告富者，富者有惭色。西蜀之去南海，不知几千里也，僧富者不能至而贫者至十. Put the following into Chinese I protest to you, gentlemen, that ifI had to choose between a so-called university which dispensed with residence and tutorial superintendence, and gave its degrees to any person who passed an examination in a wide range

of subjects, and a university which had no professors or examinations at all but merely brought a number of young men together for three or four years, and then sent them away as the University of Oxford is said to have done some sixty years since, ifI were asked which of these two methods was the better discipline of the intellect---I do not say which is morally the better, for it is plain that compulsory study must be a good and idleness an intolerable mischief--but ifI must determine which of the two courses was the more successful in training, molding, enlarging the mind, which sent out men the more ftted for their secular duties, which produced better public men, men of the world, men whose names would descend to posterity, I have no hesitation in giving the preference to that university which did nothing, over that which exacted of its numbers an acqaintance with every science under the sun.

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2000年上海华东师范大学对外汉语教学理论及英语翻译考研真题.doc

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