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中国建设银行招聘考试英语历年真题精编试卷及答案解析.doc
中国建设银行招聘考试英语历年真题精编试卷及答案解析
中国建设银行招聘考试英语历年真题精编试卷及答案解析
一、Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed
by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
A.
Today television is one of the most popular forms of entertainment in the home.
Some people in places where television reception is good may think that television
has taken the place of the radio. Television, however, is actually a kind of radio.
It uses special equipment for sending and receiving pictures. The television sound
uses the same type of equipment that is used in other forms of radio. Exchanging
messages with ships at sea was one of the first uses of radio. Modern radio is still
used for this purpose and for communication across oceans. On land too, radio
provides a means of instant communication even with moving vehicles such as taxicabs
or service trucks. Police forces use two-way radio to get information from and to
officers in squad cars and on motorcycles. Small portable set makes it possible to
communicate with a central exchange while walking or riding in a city or over a
countryside. Observers in airplanes can report traffic accidents and traffic jams
by radio to the police officers on the ground. Radiotelephones are used in many places.
Connection with the regular telephone service can be provided for boats, trains,
and cars. Isolated places in deserts, forests, and mountainous regions are linked
by radiotelephone in many parts of the world. Thus by means of radio people can
communicate with others wherever service is provided.
(1).According to the passage, television( ).
A.has taken the place of radio
B.is no longer popular in the home
C.can be regarded as a kind of radio √
D.has nothing in common with radio
(2).In paragraph 2, "this purpose" refers to( ).
A.exchanging messages with ships at sea √
B.communication across oceans
C.sending and receiving the picture
D.instant communication with moving vehicles
(3).Modern radio is used in many ways. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in
the passage?
A.at sea
B.on land
C.in the air
D.underground √
(4).The word "isolated" in the last paragraph means( ).
A.sandy and mountainous
B.clean and not polluted
C.without any living things
D.separated or distant √
(5).The best title for this passage is( ).
A.television and radio √
B.radio and its uses
C.radio and radio-telephones
D.modern communication
B.
When my family moved to America in 2010 from a small village in Guangdong, China,
we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture.
One of the rules is that young people should always respect elders. Unluckily, this
rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States. I had a part-time job
as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant. One time, when I was serving food to a middle-aged
couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly.
I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect
the elderly.
As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure. My manager, who happened
to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive
Americans are and how they dislike the description "old". I then walked back to the
table and apologized to the wife. After the couple heard my reason, they understood
that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no
longer angry. In my village in China, people are proud of being old.
Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty, and people who reach such an age
have the most knowledge and experience. Young people always respect older people
because they know they can learn from their rich experience.However, in the United
States, people think "growing old" is a problem since "old" shows that a person is
going to retire or that the body is not working well.
Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises
or jogging, and women put on makeup, hoping to look young. When I told the couple
in the restaurant that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused
them to feel they had failed to stay young. I had told them something they didn't
want to hear. After that, I changed the way I had been with older people. It is not
that I don't respect them any more; I still respect them, but now I don't show my
feelings through words. By Jack
(1).Jack brought the couple their food very fast because( ).
A.the manager asked him to do so
B.he respected the elderly √
C.the couple wanted him to do so
D.he wanted more pay
【解析】根据第二段中的“ I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly
because I always respect the elderly ”可知答案。
(2).When Jack called the couple "elderly", they became( ).
A.nervous
B.satisfied
C.unhappy √
D.excited
【解析】根据第二段中的“ As soon as I said that ，her face showed great displeasure ”
可知，他们听到Jack 称他们为老者时，一点也不高兴。
(3).In Jack's hometown,( ).
A.people dislike being called "old"
B.people are proud of being old √
C.many people reach the age of seventy or eighty
D.the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants
【解析】根据第三段中的“ In my village in China ，people are proud of being old ”
可知答案。
(4).After this experience, Jack( ).
A.lost his job in the restaurant
B.made friends with the couple
C.no longer respected the elderly
D.changed his way with older people √
【解析】根据最后一段中的“ After that ，I changed the way I had been with older
people ”可知答案。
(5).Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The more Jack explained, the angrier the couple got
B.Jack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience
C.The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple
D.From this experience, Jack learned more about American culture √
【解析】根据第二段最后一句“ After the couple heard my reason ， they understood
that the problemwas caused by cultural differences ，so they laughed and were no
longer angry ”可知A 选项不对。根据文章最后一句“ but now I don ’t show my feelings
through words ”可知B 选项不对。根据第二段中的“ I then waked back to thetable and
apologized to the wife ”可知C 选项也不对。故正确答案为D。
C.
The leaders of Detroit's struggling Big Three automakers are appearing before the
Senate today, where prospects of ￥25 billion in emergency loans to the industry
appear to be stalling. Amid GOP cries of "corporate welfare," Senate Majority Leader
Reid introduced a bill yesterday to let the automakers and component suppliers tap
into some of the money Congress allotted in the ￥700 billion financial bailout.
Reid, launching a lame-duck session, warned of a "potential meltdown" in the industry
with devastating consequences. He said 355,000 people are employed by the industry
and 4.5 million more work in related industries. An additional 1 million people,
retirees and their relatives, are covered by retirement and medical plants within
the industry, he said. The Big Three-General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler-have been
whipsawed by the faltering economy and credit crunch. But the odds do not look good
for Detroit. At the heart of the debate is whether automakers are deserving -as a
linchpin of the U.S. economy -or are, in the words of one high-profile critic,
Republican Sen. Richard Shelby of Alabama, an innovation-averse "dinosaur".
Shelby, appearing Sunday on Meet the Press, said "Get rid of the management. Get
rid of the boards-the people who brought them to where they are today. This is a
dead end. It's a road to nowhere, and it's a big burden on the American taxpayer."
Republicans attacked the measure on several fronts. Some questioned the rush to
judgment, others warned that other industries would soon line up for help. And some
charged that the firms brought on their troubles by agreeing to union contracts with
wages and benefits costing an average of ￥73 an hour, compared with ￥28 an hour
for the average private firm. GOP Sen. Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania said the ￥700
billion rescue was the No. 1 issued when he toured the state recently. "Candidly,
the temperature of my constituents was boiling, 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and the
thermometer was broken," he said. Some
opponents prefer that the automakers pursue Chapter 11 reorganizations instead of
hitting up Uncle Sam. Democrats argue that the ￥25 billion is only 4 percent of
the bigger bailout. Reid's spokesman, Jim Manley, said the bill has robust language
on corporate oversight, taxpayer protections, and executive compensation limits.
A compromise could be struck if Democrats bowed to GOP pressure and, instead of new
loans, rewrote the rules for ￥25 billion in loans granted to automakers to help
them retool factories to build fuel-efficient vehicles. "It's mind boggling," one
Republican said of Democrats' intransigence. "If I were them, I'd want to get this
off my plate before Obama becomes president." The automotive executives, Alan
Mulatly, Ford's president and CEO, Robert
Nardelli, Chrysler' s chairman and CEO, and Rick Wagoner, GM' s chairman and CEO,
are to appear before the Senate Banking Committee. Shelby is the top Republican on
the panel. The post-election lame-duck session is the last chance to sign off on
the measure during this Congress. The bill probably can pass the House, but prospects
are iffy in the Senate, where Democrats need 60 votes to block an expected filibuster.
If nothing passes, it could be taken up in January by the next Congress, which will
have a broader Democratic majority.
(1).Harry Reid proposed a bill for the automakers because( ).
A.GOP called for "corporate welfare"
B.the leaders of the Big Three came to Senate to stall the loans
C.the breakdown of American auto industry will affect millions of people's life √
D. ￥700 billion emergency loans is to be tapped into
【解析】第三段首句告诉我们产业崩溃会给人们的生活带来严重影响devastating
consequences 。之后的两句分别从不同角度解释了以上观点。所以答案是C。
(2).We may infer from the third paragraph that( ).
A.the Big Three partly led to the bad economy and credit crunch
B.people doubted the auto industry as the backbone of the economy √
C.the automakers lacked the spirit of innovation in the past
D.Richard Shelby, a high-profile critic, dislikes big animals like dinosaurs
(3).Sen. Arlen Specter is quoted in Paragraph 8 to( ).
A.reflect the reaction of the ordinary people to the bill √
B.illustrate people's approval of passing the measure
C.demonstrate the troubles caused by agreeing to union contracts
D.show the devastating impact of auto industry on society
(4).On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?
A.Democrats should reach an agreement in the face of Republican pressure
B.Senator Reid should send the bill after Obama becomes president
C. ￥25 billion in loans should be solely used for updating factories
D.The chance of passing the bill in January would be greater than now √
【解析】 If nothing passes ，it could be taken up in January by the next Congress ，
which will have abroader Democratic majority ．这句话是本题的关键点。通过这句话
可以推断出答案是D。
(5).The passage intends to tell us that( ).
A.the gloomy prospects of passing Reid' s bill on saving the auto industry
B.the possibility of a compromise between two parties on bailing out auto industry
C.the correlation between sescuing auto industry and two parties' stance √
D.the great difference between Democrats and Republics on rescuing in the Big Three
【解析】讲给三大汽车制造业的政府注资扶持，共和党反对，民主党支持，所以答案是 C。
D.
In the late 1960s, many people in North America turned their attention to
environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized.
Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens
public transportation and parking lot capacities.
Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one
recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in
New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts —
enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day. Glass-walled
skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss(or gain)through a wall of
half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall
filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning
equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass,
and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare
as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of
the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put a severe
strain on a city' s sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World
Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of
raw sewage each year — as much as a city the size of Stamford, Connecticut, which
has
a population of more than 109,000. Skyscrapers also interfere with television
reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960s,
some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston
Common. Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they
have always built them— personal ambition, civic pride, and the desire of owners
to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.
(1).The main purpose of the passage is to______.
A.discuss the advantages and disadvantages of skyscrapers
B.compare skyscrapers with other modern structures
C.describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment √
D.illustrate various architectural
【解析】主旨题。本篇短文的主要目的是描述摩天大楼以及摩天大楼对环境造成的影响。文
章的第一段是主题段(topic sentence) 。作者在这一段首先从整体上提出了摩天大楼对环
境造成的影响，然后在下面的几段具体地从几个方面论述了对环境造成的影响。
(2).According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of skyscrapers that have
mirrored walls?
A.The exterior surrounding air is heated. √
B.The building materials are very expensive.
C.Construction time is increased.
D.Extra air-conditioning equipment is needed.
【解析】 细节理解题。文章的第三段最后一句谈到了这一点：“ However， mirror-walled
skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring
buildings ．”即The exterior surrounding air isheated ．( 摩天大楼周围外部空气的
温度升高了。)
(3).According to the passage, which aspect of skyscrapers was some residents of
Boston concerned with in the late 1960s?
A.The poor reception of radio and TV signals.
B.The removal of trees and grass from building sites.
C.The harmful effects on the city's plants. √
D.The obstruction of air traffic.
【解析】细节理解题。文章倒数第二段的最后一句谈到了这一点：“ In Boston in the late
1960’s， some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass
on Boston Common ．”波士顿有些居民害怕摩天大楼的阴影会杀死青草，即他们担心摩天
大楼会对城市的植物造成有害的影响。
(4).Which of the following groups would the skyscraper issue most concern?
A.Electricians
B.Environmentalists √
C.City planners
D.Television viewers
【解析】细节理解题。文章第一段第二句提到了这一点：“ Ecologists pointed out that
a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and
parking lot capacities ．”这里ecologists( 生态学者) 实际上就是
environmentalists( 环境保护人士) 。
(5).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Skyscrapers provide more usable space than other buildings.
B.The skyscrapers first appeared in the late 1960s. √
C.Where there are skyscrapers, television reception is poor.
D.The two World Trade Center towers are skyscrapers.
【解析】是非判断题。B 项的内容与文章不符，本文虽未直接提到摩天大楼是什么时候出现
的，但间接否认摩天大楼是在20 世纪60 年代末期首先出现的：⋯
-and-glass skyscrapers were widelycriticized ．这一个“新”字是说这种钢材玻璃型
摩天大楼是在20 世纪60 年代末期出现的，而不是说摩天大楼是在这一时期出现的。
and new steel
E
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of
different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways.
The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things
present in the first kind of society.
There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and
organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater
worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend
to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society
where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people
to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the
same.
And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and
undisputed. Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently
and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material,
for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later
in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional
aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in
the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are
acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social
change is easier if it is gradual.
For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather
than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more
quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the
sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
(1).The passage is mainly discussing______.
A.certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur √
B.certain factors that promote social change
C.the necessity of social change
D.two different societies
【解析】此题考查全文主旨。全文共三段， 根据每段的第一句“ Social change is more
likely to occurin societies ⋯ ”，“ Within a society ， social changes is also likely
to occur more frequently and more readily in ⋯ ”和“ Further more，social change
is easier if it is gradual ”可知，本文讲的不是哪些因素能推动社会变革，而是哪些
因素使社会变革更容易发生，因此选A。
(2).One of the factors that tend to promote social change is______.
A.joint interest
B.different points of view √
C.less emotional people
D.advanced technology
【解析】根据第一段“ The simple reason for this is that there are more different
ways of looking atthings ⋯ There are more ideas ⋯ In addition ， there is usually
a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance inmixed societies ⋯ All these
factors tend to promote social change ”可知，有好多因素能推动社会变革． B 项是
其中一个因素。
(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects
of society.
B.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
√
C.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
【解析】根据第二段“ social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more
readily in the material aspects ⋯ in what has been learned later in life rather than
what was learned early ⋯ in the less basic andless emotional aspects of society than
in their opposites ”可知A、C、D项都正确， 而由第一段最后一句可知， 不同的观点以
及对现状不满可以加速社会变革， 因此B 项错误。
(4).The expression "greater tolerance"(Para. 1)refers to______.
A.greater willingness to accept social change
B.quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
C.more respect for different beliefs and behavior √
D.greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
【解析】由第一段以及常识可知，社会容忍度指的是对不同观点、信仰、行为等的尊重。
(5).Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar
in many
ways because______.
A.people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think
it necessary to change √
B.people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C.people there are easy to please
D.people there are less disputed
【解析】由第一段最后一句“ although con ditions may not be satisfactory ，they are
at least customary and undisputed ”可知答案为A，此选项是对原文的同义转述。
F
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in
for criticism.
Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion
and because they have so much money to throw around. "It's iniquitous," they say,
"that this entirely unproductive industry(if we can call it that)should absorb
millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies
are making. Why don't they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods?
After all, it's the consumer who pays ..." The poor old consumer! He' d have to pay
a great deal more if advertising didn' t create mass markets for products. It is
precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But
we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.
Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we
have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read.
Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones
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