水利行业数据库标准结构和标识符.pdf

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ICS 35.040 L 71 SL 中华人民共和国行业标准 SL324-2005 基础水文数据库表结构及标识符标准 Standard for structure and identifier in fundamental hydrological database 2005-05-30 发布 2005-09-01 实施中华人民共和国水利部发布 0

中华人民共和国水利部关于批准发布《基础水文数据库表结构及标识符标准》SL324—2005 的通知水国科［2005］207 号 . 部直属各单位，各省、自治区、直辖市水利(水务)厅(局)，各计划单列市水利(水务)局，新疆生产建设兵团水利局：经审查，批准《基础水文数据库表结构及标识符标准》为水利行业标准，并予发布。标准编号为 SL324—2005。本标准自 2005 年 9 月 1 日起实施。标准文本由中国水利水电出版社出版发行。二〇〇五年五月三十日 i

前言根据 2001 年水利部发布的《水利技术标准体系表》，按照《水利技术标准编写规定》（SL 1-2002），制定《基础水文数据库表结构及标识符标准》。本标准共 6 章 17 节 152 条和 1 个附录，主要技术内容有： ——对本标准的编写目的、适用范围、数据分类、存储内容、表结构设计与定义、标识符设计与定义等做了原则规定。 ——给出了基础水文数据库表结构定义的具体内容和要求，统一了基础水文数据库的表结构。 ——给出了表和字段标识定义的具体内容和要求，统一了表和字段标识符。本标准批准部门：中华人民共和国水利部本标准主持机构：水利部水文局本标准解释单位：水利部水文局本标准主编单位：水利部水文局本标准参编单位：水利部长江水利委员会水文局湖北省水文水资源局四川省水文水资源勘测局山东省水文水资源勘测局吉林省水文水资源勘测局浙江省水文勘测局河海大学江西省水文局辽宁省水文水资源勘测局本标准出版、发行单位：中国水利水电出版社本标准主要起草人：章树安吴礼福彭开泉魏进春林伟赵琛李仁植高敬明江宝林艾萍倪伟新王教河张奇为谭国良胡丽华本标准审查会议技术负责人：莫渭浓本标准体例格式审查人：窦以松 ii

目次 1 总则························································································································ 1 2 术语、符号和代号································································································ 2 3 数据分类与存储····································································································· 4 4 表结构设计与定义································································································ 5 4.1 一般规定·························································································································· 5 4.2 表设计与定义·················································································································· 5 4.3 字段·设计与定义············································································································· 6 4.4 数据表示规则·················································································································· 7 5 标识符设计与定义································································································ 8 5.1 一般规定·························································································································· 8 5.2 表标识······························································································································ 8 5.3 字段标识·························································································································· 9 6 基础水文数据库表结构······················································································· 10 6.1 基本信息表类················································································································ 10 6.2 摘录表类························································································································ 29 6.3 日表类···························································································································· 36 6.4 旬表类···························································································································· 45 6.5 月表类···························································································································· 54 6.6 年表类···························································································································· 70 6.7 实测调查表类················································································································ 97 6.8 率定表类······················································································································ 138 6.9 数据说明表类·············································································································· 151 6.10 字典表类···················································································································· 153 附录 A 基础水文数据库标识符··········································································· 159 6.1 表标识说明··················································································································· 159 6.2 字段标识说明··············································································································· 163 本标准用词说明······································································································· 183 条文说明··················································································································· 184 iii

1 总则 1.0.1 为统一全国基础水文数据库的库表结构、数据表示和标识，规范基础水文数据库建设和管理，促进水文数据共享，满足基础水文数据处理、交换、存储、维护、信息发布和应用服务等需要，提高水文信息服务能力和水平，制定本标准。 1.0.2 本标准适用于全国各级水文单位和其他单位的基础水文数据库建设，以及与其相关的数据查询、信息发布和应用服务软件开发。 1.0.3 基础水文数据库表结构和标识符设计与定义、数据分类、数据存储、数据表示应遵循完整性、一致性、准确性、实用性、规范化原则。 1.0.4 本标准引用的主要标准：《水文基本术语与符号标准》GB/T50095-98 《水利水电量和单位》SL2.1～2.3—98 《水文站网规划技术导则》SL34-92 《河流推移质泥沙及床沙测验规程》SL43-92 《水文调查规范》SL196-97 《水利工程基础信息代码编制规定》SL213-98 《水文资料整编规范》SL247-1999 《中国河流名称代码》SL249-1999 1.0.5 基础水文数据库表结构和标识符设计与定义、数据分类、数据存储、数据表示除应符合本标准外，尚应符合国家现行有关技术标准的规定。 1

2 术语、符号和代号 2.0.1 基础水文数据库 fundamental hydrological database 用计算机存储、管理和检索经过水文资料整编、水文调查考证的数据以及相关数据组成的系统。 2.0.2 字组 data frame 单一要素、单个数据及其属性信息的集合体，是自描述的水文数据的基本单位，包含位置、时间、值、注解、数据获取方法、备注、附注等项。 2.0.3 残缺时间 deformity time 部分单元取值未知的时间。 2.0.4 可靠性符号 reliability symbol 表征字组可靠程度的符号，用以反映对精度有直接影响的资料来源状况和数据处理情况。 2.0.5 注解符号 remark symbol 反映数据的实体形态、变化趋势、完整性、一致性、可靠性等定性信息的符号。注解符号应符合本标准表 2.0.5 的规定。表 2.0.5 注解符号分类含义整编刊印符号与文字注解符号对应的 ASCII码雾露霜雪雹或雨夹雹有雨无量雨兼霜有雨也有雪有雹也有雪干涸、断流部分时间干涸水道断面连底冻水道断面部分时间连底冻 (仪器水体)结冰、冰冻岸冰岸边融冰或冰层浮起冰淞或微冰稀疏流冰花流冰花稀疏流冰流冰封冻冰上流水冰塞或冰坝冰滑动逆流停滞顺逆不定观测物符号流向符号 2 ·∪ ·＊ ▲＊河(渠)干连底冻部分连底冻 ≡ Д ∪ ＊ ▲ = $ U * A . u x P G 部分河(渠)干 g L l B H [ | ” # O . I ] A E V X N Ｂ ‖ ▕｜｜ × ＊ ○ ● Ⅰ ｜▏ ▲ ＋ ∨ × И 61 36 85 42 65 46 117 120 80 71 103 76 108 66 72 91 124 34 35 79 46 73 93 65 69 86 88 78

日最高日最低月、年、场次最高月、年、场次最低高潮、涨低潮、落失潮、平 (场次)起涨 (场次)落平枯水起枯水止左岸右岸全关微开提出水面全开无闸门、无阀门各孔开度不一致缺测或缺项 (正常的)未测或停测、未整编疑似欠准改正插补借用不全统计合并合并量分列未换算涨落符号岸别符号闸阀开度符号可靠性符号最高最低左岸右岸全关微开提出水面全开无闸门 ( ) － ※ ＋ ⊕ ( ) ( ) ↓ Φ m w ^ _ p q ~ J Z b e \ / X _ T O U M - / ? + @ & ) ! ( Q % 109 119 94 95 112 113 126 74 90 98 101 92 47 88 95 84 79 85 77 45 47 63 43 64 38 41 33 40 81 37 2.0.6 注解码 remark code 各种注解符号的组合体。注解码中的注解符号按照观测物符号、流向符号、涨落符号、岸别符号、闸阀开度符号、可靠性符号排序。 2.0.7 主断面迁移号 main cross-section migration number 同一水文站各时期测流主断面的编号。按其迁移时间先后，依次排序。 3

3 数据分类与存储 3.0.1 基础水文数据库应存储本标准 2.0.1 条规定的有关内容和资料目录索引。现行的水文资料整编规范中未列，但旧的水文资料整编规范中列出的数据也应存储。 3.0.2 地表水水文数据按数据特征可分为摘录值、日值、旬值、月值、年值、实测调查值、率定值和基本信息、数据说明以及其他值等十大类。 3.0.3 地表水水文数据按测验整编项目可分为降水、蒸发及蒸发辅助项目、水位、流量（水量）、泥沙、水温、冰凌、潮汐、测站属性以及其他等十类。 3.0.4 基础水文数据库存储内容可分为基本信息表、摘录表、日表、旬表、月表、年表、实测调查表、率定表、数据说明表、其他表等主类，每个主类按照测验整编主项目的不同可分为降水、蒸发及蒸发辅助项目、水位、流量（水量）、泥沙、水温、冰情、潮汐和测站属性以及其他等子类。 4

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