《UML面向对象需求分析与建模教程》邹盛荣主编电子版 2016.01 .doc

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第1章绪论

1.1 UML的发展史

1.2 日常生活中的应用

1. 3 本课程学习中需要注意的问题

第一部分建模理论概述

第2章面向对象方法

2.1 了解面向对象产生的原因

2.2 面向

2.2.1面向对象的概念

2.2.2面向对象的特征

2.2.3 面向对象的要素

2.3

2.4下一步发展方向

第3章 UML统一建模语言

3.1 建模语言三个类别

3.2 UML特点

3.3 网络教学系统案例UML简单图示

3.3.1 系统功能

3.3.2 系统的UML建模

第4章 RUP统一过程

4.1 RUP产生

4.2基于统一过程的UML系统建模

4.3 二维开发模型

4.4 RUP开发过程

4.4.1 初始阶段

4.4.2 细化阶段

4.4.3 构造阶段

4.4.4 交付阶段

4.5 RUP核心工作流

4.5.1 商业建模

4.5.2 需求

4.5.3 分析和设计

4.5.4 实现

4.5.5 测试

4.5.6 部署

4.5.7 配置和变更管理

4.5.8 项目管理

4.5.9 环境

4.6 RUP十大要素和经验

第5章 Rose建模工具

5.1常用的UML建模工具Visio、Rational Rose、PowerDesigner

5.2 Rose说明

第6章 UML的进一步讨论

6.1 UML的内容及建模机制

6.2 UML更多细节

6.3 UML 2

6.4 相关行业标准协会OMG

第二部分 UML系统建模的过程

第7章需求获取

7.1需求流概述

7.2 需求获取的困难

7.3 需求获取的方法

7.4 复杂系统的复杂网络需求获取方法 *

7.5 需求路线图

7.6 需求案例

7.6.1人事组织管理系统功能需求描述

7.6.2系统的UML表示

第8章需求分析

8.1确定客户需要什么

8.2 需求分析方法

8.2.1 OOA方法

8.2.2 面向对象的分析

8.2.3 建立逻辑模型

8.2.4 建立过程模型

8.3 路线图

8.4 分析案例

第9章设计

9.1设计介绍

9.2 对象设计

9.3路线图

9.4 设计案例

9.4.1 系统结构设计

9.4.2 核心用例的组件图

9.4.3 系统数据库设计

第10章实现

10.1对象实现

10.1.1

10.1.2 类的实现

10.1.3 应用系统的实现

10.2 实现案例

10.2.1 系统登陆界面

10.2.2 员工信息界面

10.2.3 假条信息界面

10.2.4工资信息界面

10.2.5 用户权限登录

第11章测试

11.1测试流

11.2 面向对象测试模型

11.3 测试案例

第三部分高级课题

第12章 UML的形式化*

12.1 形式化方法介绍

12.2 UML与形式化方法的结合

12.2.1直接对UML模型进行形式化语义定义

12.2.2 UML到形式化方法的转换

12.3 形式化方法

12.3.1 形式化方法的介绍

12.3.2 B方法

12.3.3 需求获取形式化语言的表示

12.4 形式化的案例

12.4.1 免疫系统

12.4.2 免疫系统建模

12.4.3系统模拟及结果分析

第四部分实验案例

第13章综合案例

13.1 通讯录安卓版需求分析

13.2 总体设计方案

附录A 知识点框图

附录B 中英文技术词汇对照表

参考文献

计算机类“卓越工程师”创新系列教材 UML 系统建模邹盛荣主编周塔顾爱华彭昱静编科学出版社

I 前言近年来，国家启动了“卓越工程师教育培养计划”，目的是加紧培养一批创新性强、能够适应经济和社会发展需求的各类工程科技人才，着力解决高等工程教育中的实践性和创新性问题，提高科技创新能力，这对于加快经济发展方式的转变、实现未来我国经济社会的持续发展，具有重要意义。 “卓越计划”具有三个特点：一是行业企业深度参与培养过程；二是学校按通用标准和行业标准培养工程人才；三是强化培养学生的工程能力和创新能力。为了配合该计划的实施，我们总结了编者学校卓越工程师的教学经验、按照卓越工程师的要求编写了本教材。本书主要介绍UML系统建模的基本理论、软件分析与设计方法，书中加强了软件案例的UML示例说明，以提高学生的软件分析与设计水平，进一步托展学生分析问题、解决问题的能力，达到培养“厚基础、宽口径、会应用、能发展”的卓越人才的宗旨。全书共13章，内容包括绪论、面向对象方法、UML建模语言、RUP 统一过程、工具、 UML更多细节、系统的需求获取、分析、设计、实现和测试、UML高级课题、案例介绍等。每章均有相关工程实践中的案例说明及实践应用的创意思考和提示，书的最后一章重点描述一个完整的UML建模课程设计案例。本书深入浅出，通俗易懂，具有很好的可读性，实用性强。案例引导，实用性强，不讲太多的UML理论；按软件系统的大小分类讲述建模，内容全面，一步步引导培养学生动手实践的能力；结合RUP统一过程，按照软件工程的过程需要配有精美ppt, 可作为大学本科软件工程类、计算机等专业的教材或参考书，可有针对性地运用于卓越工程师培养计划，还可供各类研究生及科研人员参考使用，还可供从事软件开发应用的工程技术人员参考。书中标有“*”的章节属于前沿课题，老师可不讲，有兴趣的同学可参考学习，并查找相关书籍或网上资源。本书编写完成，向历届开课同学表示感谢，向参与其中的各位老师表示感谢，有了你们的支持和帮助,使本书编排更合理并容易接受 ,让读者更容易从中学会并理解理论知识，在问题的思考和讨论中学会创新思维能力，并能够运用到将来的工作中。

II UML 系统建模目录第 1 章绪论.................................................................................................................................1 1.1 UML 的发展史 ···················································································· 1 1.2 日常生活中的应用 ·················································································2 1. 3 本课程学习中需要注意的问题 ·································································3 第一部分建模理论概述...............................................................................................................6 第 2 章面向对象方法...................................................................................................................7 2.1 了解面向对象产生的原因 ········································································8 2.2 面向对象方法基本概念与特征 ································································ 10 2.2.1 面向对象的概念 ················································································· 11 2.2.2 面向对象的特征 ················································································· 11 2.2.3 面向对象的要素 ················································································ 13 2.3 面向对象方法学开发过程 ······································································ 14 2.4 下一步发展方向 ··················································································· 15 第 3 章 UML 统一建模语言.................................................................................................... 19 3.1 建模语言三个类别 ··············································································· 20 3.2 UML 特点 ···························································································20 3.3 网络教学系统案例 UML 简单图示 ··························································· 23 3.3.1 系统功能 ························································································· 24 3.3.2 系统的 UML 建模 ··············································································24 第 4 章 RUP 统一过程................................................................................................................33 4.1 RUP 产生 ····························································································33 4.2 基于统一过程的 UML 系统建模 ································································ 36 4.3 二维开发模型 ····················································································· 36 4.4 RUP 开发过程 ····················································································· 38 4.4.1 初始阶段 ························································································38 4.4.2 细化阶段 ························································································38 4.4.3 构造阶段 ························································································39 4.4.4 交付阶段 ························································································39 4.5 RUP 核心工作流 ···················································································39 4.5.1 商业建模 ························································································39 4.5.2 需求 ······························································································39 4.5.3 分析和设计 ·····················································································39

UML 系统建模 III 4.5.4 实现 ······························································································40 4.5.5 测试 ······························································································40 4.5.6 部署 ······························································································40 4.5.7 配置和变更管理 ···············································································40 4.5.8 项目管理 ························································································40 4.5.9 环境 ······························································································40 4.6 RUP 十大要素和经验........................................................................................................ 40 第 5 章 ROSE 建模工具.........................................................................................................47 5.1 常用的 UML 建模工具 Visio、Rational Rose、PowerDesigner ··························48 5.2 Rose 说明 ··························································································· 51 第 6 章 UML 的进一步讨论...................................................................................................... 61 6.1 UML 的内容及建模机制 ········································································61 6.2 UML 更多细节 ··················································································62 6.3 UML 2.2 ···························································································· 81 6.4 相关行业标准协会 OMG ········································································· 83 第二部分 UML 系统建模的过程...............................................................................................85 第 7 章需求获取.........................................................................................................................86 7.1 需求流概述 ························································································ 86 7.2 需求获取的困难 ·················································································· 87 7.3 需求获取的方法 ·················································································· 90 7.4 复杂系统的复杂网络需求获取方法 * ······················································ 92 7.5 需求路线图 ························································································ 97 7.6 需求案例 ··························································································· 98 7.6.1 人事组织管理系统功能需求描述 ····························································99 7.6.2 系统的 UML 表示 ············································································· 101 第 8 章需求分析.......................................................................................................................104 8.1 确定客户需要什么.......................................................................................................... 104 8.2 需求分析方法 ····················································································107 8.2.1 OOA 方法 ······················································································· 107 8.2.2 面向对象的分析 ···············································································108 8.2.3 建立逻辑模型 ··················································································108 8.2.4 建立过程模型 ··················································································114 8.3 路线图 ···························································································· 115

IV UML 系统建模 8.4 分析案例 ························································································· 116 第 9 章设计...............................................................................................................................122 9.1 设计介绍 ···························································································122 9.2 对象设计 ·························································································· 124 9.3 路线图 ······························································································126 9.4 设计案例 ·························································································· 127 9.4.1 系统结构设计 ················································································ 127 9.4.2 核心用例的组件图 ·········································································· 127 9.4.3 系统数据库设计 ············································································· 128 第 10 章实现.............................................................................................................................133 10.1 对象实现 ························································································· 133 10.1.1 程序设计语言 ················································································ 133 10.1.2 类的实现 ······················································································ 134 10.1.3 应用系统的实现 ············································································· 135 10.2 实现案例 ························································································ 135 10.2.1 系统登陆界面 ················································································ 135 10.2.2 员工信息界面 ················································································ 137 10.2.3 假条信息界面 ················································································ 140 10.2.4 工资信息界面 ·················································································141 10.2.5 用户权限登录 ················································································ 143 第 11 章测试.........................................................................................................................150 11.1 测试流 ···························································································· 150 11.2 面向对象测试模型 ············································································ 152 11.3 测试案例 ························································································ 156 第三部分高级课题.................................................................................................................161 第 12 章 UML 的形式化*........................................................................................................ 162 12.1 形式化方法介绍 ··············································································· 162 12.2 UML 与形式化方法的结合 ································································ 164 12.2.1 直接对 UML 模型进行形式化语义定义 ················································ 164 12.2.2 UML 到形式化方法的转换 ································································ 164 12.3 形式化方法.....................................................................................................................165 12.3.1 形式化方法的介绍 ·········································································· 165 12.3.2 B 方法 ·························································································· 166

UML 系统建模 V 12.3.3 需求获取形式化语言的表示 ······························································168 12.4 形式化的案例 ·················································································· 168 12.4.1 免疫系统......................................................................................................................169 12.4.2 免疫系统建模..............................................................................................................169 12.4.3 系统模拟及结果分析.................................................................................................. 185 第四部分实验案例.............................................................................................................188 第 13 章综合案例...................................................................................................................189 13.1 通讯录安卓版需求分析 ······································································ 189 13.2 总体设计方案 ·················································································· 194 ····································································································199 附录 A 知识点框图 ················································································ 214 附录 B 中英文技术词汇对照表 ···································································215 参考文献 ·································································································· 2

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《UML面向对象需求分析与建模教程》邹盛荣主编电子版 2016.01 .doc

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