Matplotlib开发手册Release 3.1.1.pdf

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Matplotlib Release 3.1.1 John Hunter, Darren Dale, Eric Firing, Michael Droettboom and the matplotlib development team July 02, 2019

CONTENTS i

Part I User’s Guide 1

CHAPTER ONE INSTALLING Note: opment version. If you wish to contribute to the project, it’s recommended you install the latest devel- Contents • Installing – Installing an oﬀicial release ∗ Test data – Third-party distributions of Matplotlib ∗ Scientiﬁc Python Distributions ∗ Linux: using your package manager – Installing from source ∗ Dependencies ∗ Building on Linux ∗ Building on macOS ∗ Building on Windows · Wheel builds using conda packages · Conda packages 1.1 Installing an official release Matplotlib and its dependencies are available as wheel packages for macOS, Windows and Linux distributions: python -m pip install -U pip python -m pip install -U matplotlib Note: The following backends work out of the box: Agg, ps, pdf, svg and TkAgg. 3

Matplotlib, Release 3.1.1 For support of other GUI frameworks, LaTeX rendering, saving animations and a larger se- lection of ﬁle formats, you may need to install additional dependencies. Although not required, we suggest also installing IPython for interactive use. To easily install a complete Scientiﬁc Python stack, see Scientiﬁc Python Distributions below. 1.1.1 Test data The wheels (*.whl) on the PyPI download page do not contain test data or example code. If you want to try the many demos that come in the Matplotlib source distribution, download the *.tar.gz ﬁle and look in the examples subdirectory. To run the test suite: • extract the lib/matplotlib/tests or lib/mpl_toolkits/tests directories from the source distribution; • install test dependencies: pytest, Pillow, MiKTeX, GhostScript, ﬀmpeg, avconv, Im- ageMagick, and Inkscape; • run python -mpytest. 1.2 Third-party distributions of Matplotlib 1.2.1 Scientific Python Distributions Anaconda and Canopy and ActiveState are excellent choices that ”just work” out of the box for Windows, macOS and common Linux platforms. WinPython is an option for Windows users. All of these distributions include Matplotlib and lots of other useful (data) science tools. 1.2.2 Linux: using your package manager If you are on Linux, you might prefer to use your package manager. Matplotlib is packaged for almost every major Linux distribution. • Debian / Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install python3-matplotlib • Fedora: sudo dnf install python3-matplotlib • Red Hat: sudo yum install python3-matplotlib • Arch: sudo pacman -S python-matplotlib 1.3 Installing from source If you are interested in contributing to Matplotlib development, running the latest source code, or just like to build everything yourself, it is not diﬀicult to build Matplotlib from source. Grab the latest tar.gz release ﬁle from the PyPI ﬁles page, or if you want to develop Matplotlib or just need the latest bugﬁxed version, grab the latest git version, and see Install from source. 4 Chapter 1. Installing

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