2018 年浙江宁波大学英语翻译基础考研真题 一、词语互译（2×20＝40 分） 说明：本部分共 20 个词语，汉语和英语各 10 个，或选自国内外时事新闻，或选自翻译理 论术语。请将汉语词语翻译为英语，英语词语翻译为汉语。 1. 脸部识别技术 2. 美国总统对中国的国事访问 3. 供给侧改革 4. 国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划 5. 激发创新活力 6. 社会主义核心价值观 7. 不忘初心 8. 房地产市场 9. 经济全球化 10. 软实力 11. translation process 12. functional equivalence 13. source language 

14. communicative translation 15. target text 16. domestication 17. informative text type 18. literary translation 19. translator’s subjectivity 20. the invisibility of the translator 二、英汉篇章翻译（1×60＝60 分） Middle-aged, unemployed, single and my money spent, I’m an utter failure in comparison to many of my college peers. I graduated from an elite university in the 1980s. My class of approximately 1550 has generated a Nobel Prize winner, a Pulitzer Prize winner, a World Bank chief, a few ambassadors, at least one current governor and several mayors. I know former classmates who are university presidents, college professors, CEOs and so on. What a load of over-achievers! Meanwhile, the rest of us remain uncelebrated, absent from the public eye, not courted by private bankers, nosy paparazzi (狗仔队), respected charities, luxury real estate agents or art auction houses. Post-graduate achievement is usually measured in degrees earned and awarded, class rankings, corporate titles, magazine covers and social media popularity, and money made. At elite institutions’ alumni gatherings, the bar for storytelling is set high, with summary biographies of our most luminous graduates shared in hushed murmurs. How can we compare ourselves to our peer’s stupendously visible achievements and not think ourselves failures? In the 1800s, Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard (克尔凯郭尔) addressed the same question with his own story: “The Lily in the Field and the Bird of the Air”. In it, Kierkegaard describes a little bird that loves to gossip to its friend the lily. 

The bird, he writes, has a bad habit of saying “all sorts of things, true and untrue, about other places where lilies far more splendid were found in great abundance”. The listening lily, in turn, becomes troubled. Seeing its own unsplendid existence in comparison to the bird’s fantastic tales of other and better lilies, the lily begins to doubt whether it deserves to call itself a lily at all. In the distress of comparison, the troubled person may go at last so far that in view of the difference he forgets that he is a man. In despair, he conceives himself so different from other men, that he even conceives he is different from what is meant by being a man, just as the lily was so inconspicuous that it was questionable if it was really a lily. In other words, it’s not just painful to doubt. To measure success in any way but from the inside is to rock the foundations of your identity. Most of us are already busy enough trying to get by. We are busy with the practical tasks of everyday living, doing and redoing, learning and changing, and sometimes staying the course. We might compare our performance on an examination, or a recent grant proposal; but to compare ourselves against others in the totality of being a successful adult is odious and futile. Many of us are not the kind of successful that’s easy to see. Many of us who have enjoyed financial success were extremely fortune, but perhaps not so lucky in love. Many of us understand now that no matter how hard you work or how brilliant ou might be, luck has far more to do with “success” than one might imagine. 三、汉英篇章翻译（1×50=50 分） 中国是一个有着五千多年悠久历史的文明古国。长期以来，中国人民以自己的勤劳智慧创造 了灿烂的中华文明，为人类进步作出了重大贡献。北京就是一座有 3000 多年悠久历史的文 明古城，800 多年前北京开始建都。离人民大会堂不远的地方，就是举世闻名的故宫。故宫 始建于 600 年前，是世界上现存最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。 从历史悠久的北京和建筑精美的故宫这些缩影中，人们就能够生动地感受到中华文明源远流 长、博大精深的深厚底蕴，感受到中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进的壮阔历程。 19 世纪中叶以后，由于列强的野蛮侵略和封建统治的腐败无能，中华民族陷入了丧权辱国、 民不聊生的悲惨境地。面对内忧外患，中国人民不懈抗争，终于在中国共产党的领导下建立 了新中国。 新中国建立以来，特别是 1978 年实行邓小平先生倡导的改革开放政策以来，中国发生了前 所未有的深刻变革。从 1978 年到 2004 年的 26 年间，中国国内生产总值从 1473 亿美元增长 到 16494 亿美元，年均增长 9.4%；进出口总额从 206 亿美元增长到 11548 亿美元，年均增 长超过了 16%。中国的综合国力显著增强，人民生活不断改善。中国人民在继承和发扬古老 文明的基础上创造了新的历史。