2009-2010 年福建华侨大学翻译与写作考研真题 2009 Part I Translate the following passage into Chinese:40 points Making a presentation might be called a career skill.It is not only important as a task that forms part of an increasing number of businessjobs; it can also make a difference to howyou are perceived and even to how you get on in your career. I once asked a senior executive about the motivation level of people who would be participating in a presentation skills workshop.I was to run for the organization.He replied:"They are always keen to attend---no one gets promoted in this organization unless they can make a good presentation." This is a common enough sentiment these days. Yet presenting is not everyone's forte.For most people,acquiring expertise in this area does not just ppen.It needs study and practice; itis, after all,apractical skill. Not everyone will be a great orator, but yone can--and many must--turn in a workmanlike performance if they understand how to go about it. The intention of this book is simple: to help the reader to be able to prepare,quickly and easily, and deliver a better presentation than might otherwise be possible. Above all, the aim is to ensure that the presentation will achieve its purpose.Reading this book will not remove the need for practice, but a sound understanding of the process can ensure that any practice helps to speed up the development of skills that make a positive difference to what is done "on your feet". Pa rt II Translate the following passage into English: 35 points 孔子在《论语》的许多段落中表达了他对《诗经》中的诗篇、对"文"以及对其他一些问题的 看法，直接成为中国传统文学思想的关注中心。这些说法经由权威性的重复和诠释，对传统 产生了极大影响;然而，若想从中寻找柏拉图那种对诗歌的深奥批评或亚里士多德那种对诗 歌的讲解，读者一定会大失所望。而且，中国文学思想发展的最深层动力往往不在于孔子对 

文学白身所表达的见│解，而在于《论语》所蕴涵的儒家思想对更广泛问题的关注。上面这 段话，尽管并没有直接涉及文学或写作，却提出了一个今天依然存在于中国文学思想中的问 题。 Part II Writing; 75 points There are always complaints that University students and their teachers are strangers on the campus. There could be quite a few problems with theirrelationship.What doyou think are main problems with it? What measures should we take against them? Please write a composition of no less than 400 words on your choice.Suggested title: The Problems with the Relationship between University Students and their Teachers In the first part of your writing you are required to present your viewpoint, and in the second part you are to support the viewpoint with appropriate details,and in the last part you should bring what you have wrtten to a natural conclusion or as a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization,grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 2010 Part I Translate the following passage into Chinese;40 points In sociology, the word "theory"is used much as it is used in everyday life.The Shorter Oxford Dictionary has a large space to offer several definitions of the term,including one which might suit more precisely an academic discipline such as sociology:"A scheme or system of ideas or statements held as an explanation or account of a group of facts or phenomena;...a statement of what are held to be the general laws, principles, or causes of something known or observed".In sociology the phenomena to be observed, quite obviously, are social phenomena, that is, its theory focuses on the relationships and interaction (other-related practices) between human beings: Theory in sociology includes any intentionally constructed set of statements which 

can meet the following criteria: (1)They must be abstract, that is, they must be separated from the social practices which they address. Theory usually achieves abstraction by the development of special and technical concepts which are used only within the sociological community. (2)They must be logically consistent. The statements must not contradict one another and, if possible, should be deducible from one another. (3)They must be explanatory. Theory must constitute a thesis or argument about social phenomena which can account for their form, or substance, or existence. (4)They must be general.They must, in principle,apply to,and be able to account for any and all instances of the phenomena which they seek to explain. (5)They must be independent. They must not be reducible to the explanations participants themselves offer for their own behaviour. (6)They must be substantively valid. They must be consistent with what is known about the social world both by its participants and by sociologists and other social scientists.At a minimum there must be"rules of translation"which can connect the theory with other bodies of knowledge. download.kaoyan.com Part Translate the following passage into English: 35 points 古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道、受业、解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑?惑而不从 师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之;生乎吾后，其闻道 也亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，大庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?是故无贵无贱，无长无 少，道之所存，师之所存也。 嗟乎!师道之不传也久矣!欲人之无惑也难矣!古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉;│ 今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人 之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎? Part II Writing: 75 points There are frequent occasions in our life when we ought to say"sorry"to somebody else for our speech or deeds.Does apology merely amounts to theloss of one's face? Please write a composition of no less than 400 words on this topic. Marks will be awarded 

for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.Failure to follow the instructions may result in aloss of marks. Suggested title: On Apology in Our Life