2002 年上海华东师范大学普通生物学考研真题 B 卷 一.名词解释 体液免疫 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 光合磷酸化 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 形成层 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 克隆 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 共质体途径 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 细胞周期 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 三羧酸循环 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 世代交替 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 蛰伏 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 光敏色素 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 二. 问答题 1.以动物的神经系统为例，阐述生物进化过程中，生物体的结构和功能是如何与环境相适应 的。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

____________________________________________ 2. 叶的形态结构是如何适应其生理功能的? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 3. 为什么根据老树的年轮能够推测以前的气候和环境的状况。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 4. 试述人体对环境化学污染物可能的吸收和排除途径 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 5. 碳、氮元素的转化循环为试以例，说明微生物在自然界中的地位和作用 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________