2007 年辽宁东北师范大学英语专业基础考研真题 Declaration: Icywarmtea is in no way in affiliation with Northeast Normal University. The copyright of this note goes to NENU. Any copy of the work must be authorized. No commercial use of this note is allowed. If you don't have the original version of this paper, you must delete it within 24 hours after it is downloaded. Part One: General Linguistics (55 points) I. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T for true and F for false. (10 points) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. By synchrony we mean to study language change and development. London School is also known as systemic linguistics and functional linguistics. [f| is a dental consonant. A regional way of a language is intrinsically inferior to the standard variety of that language. Inviting, suggesting, warning, ordering are instances of commissives. One merit of componential analysis is that by specifying the semantic features of certain words, it will be possible to show how these words are related in meaning. Acoustic phonetics is concerned with the perception of speech sounds. An important diflerence between presupposition and entailment is that presupposition, unlike entailment, is not vulnerable to negation. That is to say, if a sentence is negated, the original presupposition is still true. Words in a paradigmatic relation are comparable in terms of syntax; they have the same syntactic features, so they are replaceable with each other semantically. 10. Speech Act Theory was proposed by Herbert Paul Grice. II. Explain the following terms with examples. (25 points) 1. 2. 3. Register Free variation Stylistic variation 

4. 5. Performatives Allomorphs III. Answer the following questions. (20 points) 1. 2. Who put forward the concept of langue and parole? What is the difference between them? What features distinguish language from animal communication system? Part Two: Translation (20 points) I. Translate the following passage into English. (10 points) 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使 人周 密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。 II. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (10 points) Empathy refers to people's willingness and ability to identify with others. It is thought (Guiora,1972) to be relevant to L2 learning, because learning an L2 involves taking on a new identity. The biggest stem in taking on this new identity is, according to Guiora, learning to pronounce the L2 in a more or less native speaker way. He suggests that this is a very major step, because for all of us, as adolescents and adults, how we speak and pronounce our LI is an essential feature of our identity. When learners pronounce the L2 in a more or less L2 way, they temporarily lose their LI identity and take on that of another person - they empathize. The ease with which learners are able to empathize depends on the flexibility of their ego boundaries. Some people are more flexible and less inhibited than others and they find it easier to accommodate two identities, the LI and the L2. Part Three: English and American Literature (60 points) I. Define the terms. (20 points) 1. 2. 3. 4. Conceit Dramatic Monologue Objective Correlative Plot II. Answer the questions. (20 pointsO 1. What is the effect and significance of knocking at the gate in Macbeth according to De Quincey? 

2. What themes are established by the opening chapters of The Grapes of Wrath? III. Explain the attraction of English Romantic poets to nature. (10 points) IV Explain the genre, theme and form and significance of Alice Walker's The Color Purple. (10 points) Part Four: The Survey of Britain and America (15 points) I. Choose the best answer from A, B, C or D and write the letter of your choice in the parenthesis. (5 points) 1. 2. 3. anthem 4. 5. The rate of divorce in American ranks in the world. A. second B. third C. first D. fourth Old Faithfiil is for both the regularity of its cycle and the height of its eruption. A. famous C. well-known B. the most famous D. less-known The authorship of the three original stanzas and the music of the British national A. has little been known C. was always known B. has never been known D. was sometimes known The Star-Sprangled banner is a patriotic song written by Francis Scott Key in and officially adopted in . A. 1814, 1931 C. 1741, 1814 B. 1841, 1913 D. 1831, 1941 The St. Andrew's cross is . A. rectangular, red on a white background B. diagonal, red on a white background C. diagonal, white on a blue background D. rectangular, white on a red background II. Answer the questions. (10 points) 1. 2. What are the characteristics of the British press? What are the fine aspects in the explanation of the social life in the U.S.A.?