2009 年江苏南京财经大学英语翻译与写作考研真题 一、Explain the following terms in Chinese.（共 2 题，每题 10 分，共计 20 分） 1. 正反译法 2． 递降 二、Answer the following question.(You may use both English and Chinese) （共 1 题，每题 20 分，共计 20 分） Giving examples to illustrate the use of antonomasia (借代) in translation . 三、Translate the following phrases from Chinese into English and vice versa. （共 10 题，每题 1 分，共计 10 分） 毛遂自荐 小题大做 打破僵局 放下架子 唱反调 Walk off with something. Talk and laugh cheerfully Talk at random Keep a still tongue in one’s head Await with great anxiety 四、Translate the following Chinese passage into English.（共 1 题，每题 25 分， 共计 25 分） 停止住房实物分配，逐步实行住房分配货币化，是中国十年住房制度改革的重大 突破。根据国家不同的住房供应政策，最终将形成三类住房供应体系，即高收入者购 买、租赁市场价商品住房；中低收入者购买经济适用房；最低收入者租用政府或单位 提供的廉租住房，从而建立起以经济适用房为主的多层次城镇住房供应体系。 在此基础上。中央要求各地从实际出发、从本地区经济发展的全局出发，合理确 定住房补贴标准。城镇居民则应做好准备，用 20-25 年时间拿出家庭收入的 20%左右 来购买住房。 五、Translate the following English passage into Chinese.（共 1 题，每题 25 分， 共计 25 分） On their silver-wedding day Ashurst and his wife were motoring along the outskirts of the moor, intending to celebrate the festival by stopping the night at Torquay, where they had first met. This was the idea of Stella Ashurst, whose character contained a streak of sentiment. If she had long lost the blue-eye,flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the 

apple-blossom colouring which had so swiftly and so oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness. 六、Writing. （共 1 题，每题 30 分，共计 30 分） Suppose you are writing an essay of about 400 words on this topic: “Why Do You Think the Celebration of the 30th Anniversary of the International Friendly Exchange Should Be Held in Nanjing This Year?” You should argue from the following three aspects: history; city and culture (30 points) a) Write the introductory paragraph of this essay. This paragraph should contain a thesis statement and should not be too long. Write down the topic sentences for the three body paragraphs. Write out the entire paragraph that presents you most important argument. The paragraph should have a topic sentence and should have supporting evidence. It should not be too long. (Note the entire essay is only about 400 words.) (Warning: you will not get any score if you write out the entire essay.) b) c) 七．Read the following passage. Write a shortened form of a piece of writing of about 80 words. （共 1 题，每题 20 分，共计 20 分） Less than a year ago, a new generation of diet pills seemed to offer the long-sought answer to our chronic weight problems. Hundreds of thousands of pound-conscious Americans had discovered that a drug combination known as "fen-phen" could shut off voracious appetites like magic, and the FDA had just approved a new drug, Redux, that did the same with fewer side effects. Redux would attract hundreds of thousands of new pill poppers within a few months. But now the diet-drug revolution is facing a backlash. Some of the nation’s largest HMOs, including Aetna U.S. Healthcare and Prudential Healthcare have begun cutting back or eliminating reimbursement (退款补偿、 报销) for both pills. Several states, meanwhile, have restricted the use of fen-phen. Last week the Florida legislature banned new prescriptions entirely and called on doctors to wean (使断绝) current patients from the drug within 30 days; it also put a 90-day limit on Redux prescriptions. Even New Jersey doctor Sheldon Levine, who touted Redux last year on TV and in his book The Redux Revolution, has stopped giving it to all but his most obese patients. The reason for all the retrenchment (紧缩、删节): potentially lethal side effects. Over the summer, the FDA revealed that 82 patients had developed defects in their heart values while on fen-phen, and that seven patients had 

come down with the same condition on Redux. As if that weren’t bad enough, physicians reported that a woman who had been taking fen-phen for less than a month died of primary pulmonary hypertension, a sometimes fatal lung condition already associated with Redux. And an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association last month confirmed earlier reports that both fen-phen and Redux can cause brain damage in lab animals. These findings led the New England Journal to publish editorial admonishing doctors to prescribe the drugs only for patients with severe obesity. Meanwhile, FDA asked drug makers to put more explicit warnings on fen-phen and Redux labels. Since mid-July, prescriptions for fen-phen have dropped 56%, and those for Redux 36%, according to IMS America, a pharmaceutical market research firm. Manufacturers said from the start that their pills offered a short-term therapy for the obese.FDA approved Redux with just such a caveat, and when limited to these patients, the drugs may still make sense despite the risks because morbid obesity carries its own dangers, including heart disease, diabetes and stroke. Too often, however, Redux and fen-phen were peddled to all comers, almost like candy. The current backlash, says Levine, is a “roller coaster” that never should have happened.