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Q基本模式CPU功能解说程序基础篇.pdf

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    Q 系列精简模式 CPU MITSUBISHI 用户手册 功能解说 编程基础篇 可编程控制器 Q00JCPU Q00CPU Q01CPU
    安全上的注意事项 使用前请务必阅读 使用本产品时 请充分阅读本手册以及本手册所介绍的相关手册 同时 在充分注意安全的前提下 正 确操作 本安全上的注意事项中 将安全注意事项划分为 危险 和 注意 2个等级 危险 注意 操作失误的情况下 可能引起灾难性后果 有造成死亡或重伤的可能性 操作失误的情况下 可能引发危险事态 有造成中等程度伤害或轻伤的可能性 以及可能仅发生物质损伤 此外 即使是 注意中所记载的事项 根据情况不同 仍存在引起严重后果的可能性 两者所记载的都是重要内容 请务必遵守 本手册须妥加保管 以便必要时查阅 同时 请务必交到最终使用者的手上 设计上的注意事项 危险 请在可编程控制器的外部设置安全电路 以保证外部电源发生异常和可编程控制器出现故障时 系 统整体仍能安全运行 误输出 误动作均有引发事故的可能 1 请在可编程控制器的外部构建紧急停止电路 保护电路 正转/反转等相反动作的连锁电路 定位的 上限/下限等防止机械损坏的连锁电路等电路 2 可编程控制器一旦检测出以下的异常状态 在 a 的情况下就会停止运算并切断全部输出 在 b 的情况下则会停止运算 并根据参数的设置保持或切断全部输出 a 电源模块的过流保护装置或过压保护装置发生作用时 b 可编程控制器的CPU的警戒定时器出错等自我诊断功能检测出异常时 此外 发生可编程控制器的CPU无法检测出的输出控制部分的异常时 有时可能所有的输出都为 通 此时 为了保证机械的动作对安全侧发生效力 请在可编程控制器的外部构建故障保险电 路 或设置机构 关于故障保险电路的实例 请参照本手册的 装载和设置 3 根据输出模块的继电器 晶体管等的故障的不同 输出有可能一直为 通 不变 或一直为 断 不变 对于可能引起重大事故的输出信号 请设置外部监视电路 A - 1 A - 1
    设计上的注意事项 危险 在输出模块上 因额定负载以上的电流或负载短路等而发生过电流长时间连续流过的情况下 存在 冒烟 起火的危险 请在外部设置保险丝等的安全电路 电路要设计成在可编程控制器主体的电源开启后 外部供电电源才开启的电路 如果先开启外部供给电源 就存在因误输出 误动作而引起事故的危险 关于数据通信发生通信异常时的各个站电的动作状态 请参照各数据通信的手册 存在因误输出 误动作而引起事故的危险 在CPU模块上连接外部设备 或在智能功能模块上连接个人电脑等 对运行中的可编程控制器进行 控制 更改数据 时 请在顺控程序上构建连锁电路 以保证系统整体始终安全运行 此外 对运行中的可编程控制器进行其他控制 程序的更改 运行状态的更改 状态控制 时 请熟读手册 在充分确认安全的前提下再进行 特别是从外部设备对远地的可编程控制器进行上述控制时 有时可能会因为数据通信异常而无法即 时地对可编程控制器方面的故障采取应对措施 在顺控程序上构建连锁电路的同时 请在外部设备和可编程控制器的CPU之间采取数据通信发生异 常时的系统处置方法 注意 控制线和通信电缆请不要和主电路或动力电缆等捆扎在一起 也不要相互靠近 作为参考基准 请离开100 mm以上的距离 因为噪声可能成为误动作的原因 在输出模块上对灯泡负载 加热器 螺线管阀门等进行控制时 输出从 断 通 的过程中有 时会有大电流 达正常情况的10倍左右 流过 因此 请采取选用额定电流有充分余量的输出模块 等的对策 A - 2 A - 2
    安装上的注意事项 注意 可编程控制器请在 基本型QCPU Q模式 用户手册 硬件设计 保养检查篇 中规定的一般 技术规范的环境下使用 如果在一般技术规范的范围以外使用 可能引发触电 火灾 误动作 产品损伤或性能变差 边按下模块下部的模块安装手柄 边将模块固定用突起部可靠地插入并安装到基板的固定孔内 如 果模块的安装不正确 会导致误动作 故障 跌落 在震动频繁的环境下使用时 请用螺丝对模块进行固定 螺丝的拧紧请在规定的扭矩范围内进行 如果螺丝拧得过松 就有可能引起脱落 短路或误动作 而如果螺丝拧得过紧 可能会导致螺丝或模块的破损从而引起跌落 短路或误动作 扩展电缆请可靠地安装在基板的模块接插件上 安装后请进行检查 接触不良会引起误输入或误输出 模块的拆装请务必在外部全相切断电源后再进行 不全相切断电源时 存在损伤产品的危险 请不要直接接触模块的导电部分 否则引发模块误动作 故障 接线时的注意事项 接线作业等请务必在外部全相切断电源后再进行 不全相切断电源时 存在触电或损伤产品的危险 危险 接线作业后进行通电 运行时 请务必安装附属于产品的端子盖 不安装端子盖时 存在触电的危险 A - 3 A - 3
    接线上的注意事项 注意 FG端子和LG端子为可编程控制器专用的D种接地 第三种接地 以上的接地 请务必接地 否则有触电 误动作的危险 模块的接线请在确认产品的额定电压和端子排列的后正确地进行 如果连接了与额定电压不同的电源 或接线出错 就有可能成为火灾 故障的原因 用于外部连接的接插件请用制造商指定的工具压装 压接或正确地焊接 接触不良 可能引起短路 火灾或误动作 端子螺丝的紧固请在规定的扭矩范围内进行 端子螺丝拧得过松时 可能引起短路 火灾或误动作 而若端子螺丝拧得过紧 可能会导致螺丝或模块的破损从而引起跌落 短路或误动作 模块内部请注意不要让切屑或接线时的碎屑等异物进入 否则会引起火灾 故障或误动作 模块上部贴有防止混入的标贴 以防止接线时模块内部混入接线碎屑等异物 接线作业过程中 请不要剥下此标签 系统运行时 请务必将此标签剥下 以便散热 启动 保养时的注意事项 危险 通电时请不要接触端子 可能引起触电 电池请正确连接 请不要对电池进行充电 分解 加热 投入火中 短路 焊锡等处理 出错地使用电池可能会因为发热 破裂 起火等引起人员受伤或火灾 进行清扫或对端子螺丝 模块安装螺丝加固时 请务必在外部全相切断电源 不全相切断电源时 存在触电的危险 端子螺丝松动时 可能引起短路或误动作 而若螺丝拧得过紧 又有可能会因为螺丝或模块的破损而引起跌落 短路或误动作 A - 4 A - 4
    启动 保养时的注意事项 注意 在运行中的CPU模块上连接外部设备后进行的在线操作 特别是程序的更改 强制输出 运行状态 的更改 应在熟读本手册 并充分确认安全的基础上再进行 否则可能因操作失误而引起机械的破损或事故 请不要进行各模块的分解或改造 否则可能会引起故障 误动作 人员受伤或火灾 请离开可编程控制器25 cm以上使用移动电话或PHS等无线通信设备 否则可能会引起误动作 模块的拆装请务必在外部全相切断电源后再进行 不全相切断电源 可能引起模块故障或误动作 报废时的注意事项 注意 产品报废时 请作为工业废品处理 A - 5 A - 5
    修订记录 印刷日期 使用说明书编号 改 定 内 容 使用说明书的编号记在本说明书封底的左下角处 2002年7月 SH(NA)-080331C-A 第1次印刷 本书并不是对工业知识产权及其他权利实施的保证 也不对实施权作任何承诺 此外 对于因使用本书所登载的内容而引 起的工业知识产权方面的各种问题 本公司不承担任何责任  2001 三菱电机株式会社 A - 6 A - 6
    此次承蒙购买MELSEC Q系列可编程控制器 我们表示十分感谢 使用前请仔细阅读本书 在充分理解MELSEC Q系列可编程控制器的功能 性能的基础上 正确地使用 序 言 目录 安全上的注意事项 ···········································································································································A- 1 修订记录 ··························································································································································A- 6 目录··································································································································································A- 7 关于本手册······················································································································································A-14 本手册的使用方法 ··········································································································································A-15 本手册中采用的总称和简称····························································································································A-16 1 概要 1- 1 1-10 1.1 特长·························································································································································1- 3 1.2 程序存储和运算 ······································································································································1- 5 1.3 方便编程的软元件 指令 ·······················································································································1- 7 2 系统构成 2- 1 2- 7 2.1 系统构成 ···················································································································································2- 1 2.1.1 Q00JCPU的场合······························································································································2- 1 2.1.2 Q00CPU/Q01CPU的场合················································································································2- 3 2.1.3 GX Developer的构成 ·······················································································································2- 5 2.2 使用上的注意事项···································································································································2- 6 2.3 功能版本的确认方法·······························································································································2- 7 3 性能要求 4 顺控程序的构成和执行条件 3- 1 3- 3 4- 1 4-25 4.1 顺控程序 ·················································································································································4- 1 4.1.1 主程序 ··············································································································································4- 3 4.1.2 子程序 ··············································································································································4- 4 4.1.3 中断程序···········································································································································4- 5 4.2 扫描时间的思路 ······································································································································4- 9 4.3 运算处理 ················································································································································4-10 4.3.1 初始化处理······································································································································4-10 4.3.2 输入/输出刷新 输入输出模块的刷新处理 ·················································································4-11 4.3.3 智能功能模块的自动刷新················································································································4-11 4.3.4 结束处理··········································································································································4-11 4.4 运行状态 停止状态 暂停状态的运算处理·························································································4-12 4.5 瞬间掉电时的运算处理 ··························································································································4-13 4.6 数据的清零处理 ·····································································································································4-14 4.7 输入输出处理的响应延迟 ······················································································································4-15 A - 7 A - 7
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