2022 年 5 月英语翻译资格考试(笔译)真题及答案 试题部分： Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese. NARSAQ, Greenland — as icebergs in the Kayak Harbor pop and hiss while melting away, this remote Arctic town and its culture are also disappearing in a changing climate. Narsaq’s largest employer, a shrimp factory, closed a few years ago after the crustaceans fled north to cooler water. Where once there were eight commercial fishing vessels, there is now one. As a result, the population here, one of southern Greenland’s major towns, has been halved to 1,500 in just a decade. Suicides are up. “Fishing is the heart of this town,〞 said Hans Kaspersen, 63, a fisherman. “Lots of people have lost their livelihoods.〞 But even as warming temperatures are upending traditional Greenlandic life, they are also offering up intriguing new opportunities for this state of 57,000 — perhaps nowhere more so than here in Narsaq. Vast new deposits of minerals and gems are being discovered as Greenland’s massive ice cap recedes, forming the basis of a potentially lucrative mining industry. One of the world ’ s largest deposits of rare earth metals — essential for manufacturing cellphones, wind turbines and electric cars — sits just outside Narsaq. It has long been known that Greenland sat upon vast mineral lodes, and the Danish government has mapped them intermittently for decades. Niels Bohr, Denmark’ s Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist and a member of the Manhattan Project, visited Narsaq in 1957 because of its uranium deposits. But previous attempts at mining mostly failed, proving too expensive in the inclement conditions. Now, warming has altered the equation. Greenland’s Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, charged with managing the boom, currently has 150 active licenses for mineral exploration, up from 20 a decade ago. Altogether, companies spent $100 million exploring Greenland’s deposits last year, and several are applying for licenses to begin construction on new mines, bearing gold, iron and zinc and rare earths. There are also foreign companies exploring for offshore oil. The Black Angel lead and zinc mine, which closed in 1990, is applying to reopen this year, said Jorgen T.Hammeken-Holm, who oversees licensing at the country’s mining 

bureau, “because the ice is in retreat and you’re getting much more to explore.〞 The Greenlandic government hopes that mining will provide new revenue. In granting Greenland home rule in 2022, Denmark froze its annual subsidy, which is scheduled to be decreased further in the coming years. Here in Narsaq, a collection of brightly painted homes bordered by spectacular fjords, two foreign companies are applying to the government for permission to mine. That proximity promises employment, and the company is already schooling some young men in drilling and in English, the international language of mine operations. It plans to build a processing plant, a new port and more roads. (Greenland currently has none outside of settled areas.) Narsaq’s tiny airport, previously threatened with closure from lack of traffic, could be expanded. A local landlord is contemplating converting an abandoned apartment block into a hotel. “There will be a lot of people coming from outside and that will be a big challenge since Greenlandic culture has been isolated,〞 said Jasper Schroder, a student home in Narsaq from university in Denmark. Still, he supports the mine and hopes it will provide jobs and stem the rash of suicides, particularly among his peers; Greenland has one of the highest suicide rates in the world. “People in this culture don’t want to be a burden to their families if they can’t contribute,〞 he said. But not all are convinced of the benefits of mining. “Of course the mine will help the local economy and will help Greenland, but I’m not so sure if it will be good for us,〞 said Dorothea Rodgaard, who runs a local guesthouse. “We are worried about the loss of nature.〞 Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English. 中华民族历经磨难，自强不息，从未放弃对美妙梦想的向往和追求。实现中华民族伟大复兴 的中国梦是近代以来中华民族的夙愿。 在新的历史时期，中国梦的本质是国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。我们的奋斗目的是，到 2022 年国内消费总值和城乡居民人均收入在 2022 年根底上翻一番，全面建成小康社会。 到本世纪中叶，建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家，实现中华民族伟大复兴的中 国梦。 实现中国梦，必须坚持中国特色社会主义道路。我们已经在这条道路上走了 30 多年，历史 证明，这是一条符合中国国情、富民强国的正确道路，我们将坚决不移地沿着这条道路走下 去。 

实现中国梦，必须弘扬中国精神。用以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时 代精神振奋起全民族的“精气神〞。 实现中国梦，必须凝聚中国力量。空谈误国，实干兴邦。我们要用 13 亿中国人的智慧和力 量，一代又一代中国人不懈努力，把我们的国家建立好，把我们的民族开展好。 实现中国梦，必须坚持和平开展。我们将始终不渝走和平开展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢 的开放战略，不仅致力于中国自身开展，也强调对世界的责任和奉献；不仅造福中国人民， 而且造福世界人民。实现中国梦给世界带来的是和平，不是动乱；是机遇，不是威胁。 答案部分：Section 1: 英译汉参考译文 格陵兰岛纳萨克——随着皮艇港(Kayak Harbor)的冰山在融化过程中发出嘶嘶的响声，这座 偏远的北极小镇和它的文化，也正在随着气候变化而消失。 纳萨克最大的用工企业，一家虾厂，几年前倒闭了，原因是虾蟹都逃往了北方更寒冷的水 域。这里曾一度有八艘商业捕鱼船，如今只剩一艘了。 因此，作为格陵兰岛南部主要城镇之一，纳萨克的人口在短短十年中降至 1500 人，减少了 一半。自杀率也出现上升。 “捕鱼是这个小镇的核心。〞今年 63 岁的渔民汉斯•卡斯佩森(Hans Kaspersen)说，“很多 人失去了生计。〞 尽管逐渐升高的气温正在颠覆着格陵兰人传统的生活方式，但是气温升高也为这个只有 5.7 万人的国家提供了有趣的新机遇，这种机遇在纳萨克可能最为明显。 随着格陵兰岛广袤的冰盖逐渐消融，人们发现了储量丰富的新矿产和宝石，这为潜在利润巨 大的采矿业奠定了根底。 全球最大的稀土金属矿藏就坐落在纳萨克城外不远处，稀土金属在消费手机、风力涡轮机 和电动汽车时必不可少。 格陵兰岛地下蕴藏着宏大的矿藏这一点久为人知。几十年来，丹麦政府已经断断续续地绘 制了这些矿藏的分布图。参与过曼哈顿方案(Manhattan Project)的丹麦核物理学家、诺贝 尔奖得主尼尔斯•玻尔(Niels Bohr)曾在 1957 年造访纳萨克，原因是这里有铀矿藏。 然而，之前的开采尝试几乎都失败了，事实证明在严酷的环境下采矿，本钱过于高昂。如 今，气候变暖让这个等式发生了变化。 负责对开发热潮进展管理的格陵兰矿产与石油管理局(Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum) 目前发放的有效的矿产勘探容许证有 150 份，而十年前仅为 20 份。去年，各企业总计入 

了 1 亿美元用于勘探格陵兰岛的矿藏。有几家公司正在申请在新矿藏进展建立的容许证。 这些新矿蕴藏着金、铁、锌和稀土。也有一些外国公司在勘探近海石油。 在格陵兰矿务局负责容许证发放的官员约尔延•T•哈梅肯-霍尔姆(Jorgen T.Hammeken-Holm) 表示，1990 年关停的黑天使(Black Angel)铅锌矿，正在申请今年重新开矿。她说，“因为 冰川正在消退，可供勘探的地方越来越多了。〞 格陵兰政府希望采矿能带来新的收入。2022 年，丹麦允许格陵兰实行地方自治，并将冻结 给格陵兰岛拨付的年度补贴。根据安排，补贴金额会在接下来的几年里进一步减少。 在纳萨克当地，一片房屋涂着亮堂的颜色，不远处就是壮观的峡湾。两家外国公司正在向 政府申请采矿容许。 由于临近矿藏，采矿业在这里提供了就业时机。这家公司已经开始教一些年轻人钻孔和英 语了。英语是采矿作业使用的国际语言。公司方案修建一座加工厂和一座新港口，还打算多 修些公路。〔目前，在格陵兰岛上的定居点以外还没有公路。〕纳萨克那个小机场过去因为 旅客太少，差一点被关闭，但如今可能还会扩建。当地的一名房东正盘算着把一处闲置的公 寓楼改造成旅馆。 在丹麦一所大学就读的大学生雅斯佩尔•施罗德(Jasper Schroder)家在纳萨克，他说，“会 有很多外国人来，因为格陵兰岛的文化一直都很孤立，这会是一个很大的挑战。〞 但他还是支持采矿，并且希望采矿业能提供工作时机，遏止草率的自杀事件，尤其是他的同 龄人的自杀。格陵兰是全世界自杀率最高的地方之一。他说，“生活在这种文化中的人，如 果不能为家庭做出奉献，就不想成为家人的负担。〞 然而，不是所有人都相信采矿会带来好处。在本地经营着一家家庭旅馆的多罗特娅•罗德高 (Dorothea Rodgaard)说，“当然，采矿会有助于本地的经济，也有助于格陵兰，但它是否对 我们有利，我就不是那么确定了。我们担忧自然环境的损失。〞 Section 2: 汉译英 参考译文 With great tenacity, the Chinese nation has emerged resilient from trials and tribulations. It has never given up its pursuit of great dreams. The great renewal of the Chinese nation has been a long-cherished dream of the Chinese nation since modern times. In this new historical era, the Chinese dream that we are pursuing is about three things: economic prosperity, national renewal, and happiness of the Chinese people. We have two goals: First, to double the 2022 GDP and per capitain come of both urban and rural residents and finish the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2022. Second, to build a modern socialist country that is strong, 

prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious and fulfill the Chinese dream of achieving the great renewal of the Chinese nation by mid-21st century. To realize the Chinese dream, we must stay on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We have been on this path for over 30 years. History has proven it to be the right path that suits China’s national conditions, bringing about prosperity to China and its people. We will continue to advance along this path. To realize the Chinese dream, we must promote the Chinese spirit. We need to boost the morale of the whole nation with the patriotism-imbued national spirit and call of the time, namely, reform and innovation. To realize the Chinese dream, we must pool the strength of the whole country. Empty talk is harmful to the nation, while doing practical work will make it thrive. With the wisdom and strength of the 1.3 billion Chinese and through the unremitting efforts of generations of the Chinese people, we will make China strong and the Chinese nation prosperous. To realize the Chinese dream, we must pursue peaceful development. We will unwaveringly follow the path of peaceful development and the win-win strategy of opening-up. We will both pursue China ’ s development and live up to our responsibilities and make our due contribution to the world. We will work for the common good of both the Chinese people and the people of the world. When realized, the Chinese dream will bring peace and opportunities to the world, not turbulence or threat.